The high polymorphism of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes is generally considered to be a result of pathogen-mediated balancing selection. Such selection may operate in the form of heterozygote advantage, and/or through specific MHC allele–pathogen interactions. Specific MHC allele–pathogen interactions may promote polymorphism via negative frequency-dependent selection (NFDS), or sele

Stock exchange trading increasingly has been highlighted as a possible cause of gambling disorder, typically in rapid and excessive “day trading” which may cause over-indebtedness and mental health problems. The COVID-19 pandemic has been suspected to increase online gambling and gambling problems. In a number of recent media reports, day trading has been reported to increase during COVID-19, poss

The density and modulus of elasticity (MOE) distribution can provide information on the effectiveness of parametric and non-parametric methods in calculating the characteristic value of MOE. In this study, we aim to determine the optimal distribution model of the actual measured data of the lumber. We also estimate the lumber’s MOE characteristic value and compare the difference in density and MOE

This chapter deals with the application of adhesives in timber engineering, including wood-based products. This work is aiming to describe the general subjects in wood gluing technology, which are characteristic to wood substrates. Firstly, an overview of the basic needs and prerequisites is given, followed by a brief overview of the characteristics of the wood material. An introduction to the gen

Glued-in rods are important connecting and reinforcing elements in modern timber engineering used in new and existing timber structures. The complex stress distribution along the bondline between rod and wood depends on the type and properties of the adhesive and the type of load application. In this chapter, different models for the determination of the shear stress distribution along the bondlin

Det stora träbyggandet har varit i blickfånget sedan våra byggregler ändrades i mitten av 1990-talet. En tydlig utveckling har skett vad gäller flervåningsbyggandet i trä. Användningen av trä i infrastrukturer som broar och vindkraftverk har också ökat, även om användningen av trä i sådana bärande utomhuskonstruktioner i allmänhet är blygsam. Genom att modifiera trä på kemisk väg kan många av de s

Presentation av pågående projekt.

Background and AimsP-Coumaric acid (PCA) is one the compound that has free radical scavenging effects. This study investigates the protective effect of PCA on tissue damage in DOX-induced nephrotoxicity.MethodsThirty two Wistar rats were divided into control, PCA, DOX (15 mg/kg, i.p.) and DOX plus PCA (100 mg/kg, orally) groups. DOX-induced nephrotoxicity was indicated by marked increase in blood

Introduction: Diabetes, as a chronic disease, is the third leading cause of death in developing countries. Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress have been recognized as the main factors involved in pathogenesis of diabetes. On the other hand, the antioxidant system is the first defense mechanism of body against oxidative stress. Falcaria Vulgaris possesses hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects. This s

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Zingerone (Zing) on zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZNP)-induced spermatogenesis defects in mice. To this end, 50 mg/kg of ZNP was prescribed to the mice as an intoxicated group for 35 days. In protection groups, Zing (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) was given prior to ZNP treatment for seven days and then co-administration of ZNP for 35 days. Epididym

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the protective effects of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, TAU) on oxidative stress in the isolated mouse testicular mitochondria, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), viability and motility of the exposed sperms to the BPA. Methods: We treated epididymal spermatozoa obtained from mice and isolated mouse testicular mitochondria with BPA (0

Objective: To evaluate the effect of p-coumaric acid against adriamycin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Methods: The rats were divided into 4 groups. The control group received solvent; the p-coumaric acid group was treated with 100 mg/kg of p-coumaric acid orally for five consecutive days; the adriamycin group was administered with a single dose of adriamycin (15 mg/kg, i.p.), and the p-coumaric

Objective: This study aimed to explore the impact of selenium (SE) on Bisphenol-A (BPA)-exposed sperm and isolated testicular mitochondria of mice. Methods: Mouse sperm and isolated mitochondria were exposed to BPA (0.8 mM) and different concentrations of SE (50, 100, and 200 µM) for four hours. The viability of sperm and isolated mitochondria as well as the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)

In the philosophy of J. L. Schellenberg, “evolutionary religion” is a religious stance oriented towards the deep future. According to Schellenberg, the best form of evolutionary religion is non-doxastic faith in ultimism. I reject Schellenberg’s arguments for preferring ultimism and suggest that committing non-doxastically to traditional religion makes more sense from an evolutionary perspective.

This article examines the portrayal of bodily boundaries in the videogame series The Last of Us. Drawing on theories of media ecology and posthumanism (most notably Deer’s notion of radical animism, Haraway’s theories of the cyborg, and Fuller’s account of media assemblages), three aspects of this portrayal are described: first, the game’s narrativization of bodily violence through an amalgamation

The essential enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is highly regulated both at the level of overall activity and substrate specificity. Studies of class I, aerobic RNRs have shown that overall activity is downregulated by the binding of dATP to a small domain known as the ATP-cone often found at the N-terminus of RNR subunits, causing oligomerization that prevents formation of a necessary α2β2 co

Mild diseases and moderate stressors are seemingly harmless and are therefore often assumed to have negligible impact on Darwinian fitness. Here we argue that the effects of “benign” parasites and other moderate stressors may have a greater impact on lifespan and other fitness traits than generally thought. We outline the “accumulating costs” hypothesis which proposes that moderate strains on the

Measurements of both the inclusive and differential production cross sections of a top-quark–antiquark pair in association with a Z boson (tt¯ Z) are presented. The measurements are performed by targeting final states with three or four isolated leptons (electrons or muons) and are based on s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb - 1, recorded from 2015 to 201