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Anal fistulae - Three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound and outcomes of collagen plug treatment

Bakgrund: Behandling av komplicerade analfistlar försätter att vara en stor utmaning. Tidiga studier på anal fistelplugg (AFP) visade att högt andel av patienter blir bra men senare har man rapporterad väldig varierande behandlingsframgång (13-100%) för uppföljningstider på 6-24 månader. Kunskap om de morfologiska fynd som kan relateras till framgångsrik eller misslyckad operationsresultat efter ABackground: The treatment of complex anal fistulae remains a therapeutic challenge. Early anal fistula plug (AFP) studies showed high success rates, while later reports demonstrated success rate of 13-100% at usual follow-up of 6-24 months. Very little is known about morphological findings related to success and failure of the AFP, especially if three-dimensional (3D) endoanal ultrasound (EAUS) is

Spatiotemporal variability of dust storm source susceptibility during wet and dry periods: The Tigris-Euphrates River Basin

This study develops a framework for spatiotemporal modeling of dust storm source susceptibility in a critical case study, the Tigris-Euphrates River Basin, as a significant source of dust storms in the Middle East. The study period was divided into four periods, 2000–2004 (hydrological dry year), 2005–2007 (hydrological wet year), 2008–2012 (hydrological dry year), and 2013–2021 (hydrological wet

Historical diffusion of nuclear, wind and solar power in different national contexts : implications for climate mitigation pathways

Climate change mitigation requires rapid expansion of low-carbon electricity but there is a disagreement on whether available technologies such as renewables and nuclear power can be scaled up sufficiently fast. Here we analyze the diffusion of nuclear (from the 1960s), as well as wind and solar (from the 1980-90s) power. We show that all these technologies have been adopted in most large economie

Unveiling the Impact of Organic Spacer Cations on Auger Recombination in Layered Halide Perovskites

A library of large organic cation spacers is available for engineering the performance of layered two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskite devices. Despite extensive photophysics studies, there remains a research gap over the structure-function relations in 2D perovskites, especially the underlying factors influencing the Auger recombination (AR) process. Herein, the contributions of exciton binding

Modeling coupled nitrification-denitrification in soil with an organic hotspot

The emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) from agricultural soils to the atmosphere is a significant contributor to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. The recycling of organic nitrogen (N) in manure and crop residues may result in spatiotemporal variability in N2O production and soil efflux which is difficult to capture by process-based models. We propose a multi-species, reactive transport model t

Artificial Intelligence and the City : Urbanistic Perspectives on AI

This book explores in theory and practice how artificial intelligence (AI) intersects with and alters the city. Drawing upon a range of urban disciplines and case studies, the chapters reveal the multitude of repercussions that AI is having on urban society, urban infrastructure, urban governance, urban planning and urban sustainability.Contributors also examine how the city, far from being a pass

Models for Non-Modelers : Understanding the Use of Models for Social Scientists and Others

Models for Non-Modelers focuses not on how to design models but on how to understand and critically appraise them. Data and statistical models are widely used in disciplines such as epidemiology, climate science and systems design, but it can be difficult for those without the necessary training to understand and implement them. This book is for non-modelers, especially social scientists. Through

Provsamlingen Swecrit och AI ger ny kunskap vid intensivvård

The unique Swecrit Biobank and its associated clinical registries for sepsis, ARDS, cardiac arrest, trauma, and COVID-19 include more than 150,000 blood samples and descriptions of critically ill patients. These assets provide a unique opportunity to research and improve the care of the most seriously ill patients through biomarker analyses, proteomic studies, and genetic and epigenetic studies us

A TDLAS-based photofragmentation method for spatially resolved measurement of KOH and KCl as well as its application in biomass combustion processes

The release of gas-phase potassium species, mainly KOH, KCl, and K atoms, from burning biomass fuels can introduce severe problems to boilers, such as fouling, slagging, and corrosion. In the present work, an optical technique combining laser-induced photofragmentation and tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy is developed for simultaneously measuring the concentration of KOH, KCl and K atom