BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking strongly increases risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and moderately increases risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. How smoking cessation influences esophageal cancer risk across histological subtypes, time latencies, and geographic regions is not clear.METHODS: Studies were systematically searched on Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Clinical

This study is designed to evaluate the treatment effect of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) on axonal regeneration in experimental rat sciatic nerve damage, and compare the results of this modality with autologous nerve grafting. In Spraque-Dawley albino rats, 10-mm-long experimental nerve gaps were created. Three groups were constitute

Objective: This study aims to investigate the degree of biocompatibility and neuroregeneration of a polymer tube, poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate (PHO) in nerve gap repair. Methods: Forty Wistar Albino male rats were randomized into two groups: autologous nerve gap repair group and PHO tube repair group. In each group, a 10-mm right sciatic nerve defect was created and reconstructed accordingly. Neurorege

Context. This is a case of gonadotropinoma presented with Rathke's cleft cyst. Objective. We are presenting a case of gonadotropinoma along with Rathke's cleft cyst which is unique case as being male and symptomatic gonadotropin releasing adenoma. Method. A 51 year old man was referred to our institution for evaluation of impotence and loss of libido. His endocrine screening evaluations revealed h

Introduction: The toxic effects of onyx, its solvent dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), and n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) were evaluated after infusion into the subaracnoid space of a rabbit model. Methods: Each of the two various concentrations of onyx, pure DMSO, NBCA, and normal saline solution were percutaneously infused into the pontocerebellar cisternae of 39 domestic male albino rabbits, after wh

Virchow-Robin spaces (VRSs) are perivascular pia-lined extensions of the subarachnoid space around the arteries and veins as they enter the brain parenchyma. The precise etiology of these enlarged perivascular spaces (PVSs) is unknown. VRSs usually do not cause significant mass effect and neurologic deterioration. However; cystic enlargement of giant VR spaces may be misinterpreted in radiological

Pravastatin has neuroprotective effects against aging but its role in brain injury remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of pravastatin on the ultrastructural changes and hemorheological parameters in rats after traumatic brain injury (TBI) of right parietal cortical contusion by a controlled weight-dropping method. There were three groups: (I) Sham operated group; (II) TBI + vehicle (

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is a critical factor in unlimited cell proliferation and immortalization, with numerous studies demonstrating that high expression of hTERT is a poor prognostic factor in various types of cancer. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 3 (UBE2D3) is a member of the E2 family, and participates in the ubiquitin proteasome pathway to regulate basic cellular act

The role of anti-epithelial growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies (anti-EGFR MoAbs) in treatment-related electrolyte disorders is still controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the incidences and overall risks of all-grade and grade 3/4 electrolyte disorder events. We searched relevant clinical trials from PubMed, EM

Den visuella omvärlden kan vara dynamisk och föränderlig vilket skapar otydlighet i sensorisk information. Dessutom genererar hjärnans neurala aktivitet ”brus” som bidrar till denna otydlighet. Trots dessa svårigheter kan det visuella systemet i hjärnan bearbeta denna otydliga information och skapa en kontinuerlig och stabil visuell upplevelse, vilket låter oss navigera i omvärlden med trygghet. EThe visual environment can be dynamic and often changes from one moment to the next, causing sensory input to be noisy and uncertain. In addition, internal noise from neural activity in the brain contributes to this uncertainty. Despite these challenges, the brain’s visual system adeptly processes this noisy and uncertain information, creating a stable and continuous perceptual experience that all

Context. The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic significance correlation between the endocrinopathy and the size of the pituitary adenoma with the sellar floor bone mineral density values using microfocus computerized tomography (μCT) analysis. Subjects and Methods. 16 consecutive patients with pituitary adenomas had full endocrinological and radiological work up prior to endoscopic t

The aim of this study is to evaluate the soft tissue response of the pure and Au-embedded PPg-PEG. PP-g-PEG2000, PP-g-PEG4000, Au-PP-g-PEG2000, and AuPP-g-PEG4000 were obtained via chlorination of polypropylene and polyethylene glycol in the presence of a base with a "grafting onto" technique. Solvent cast films of these four copolymers with PP as a control group were embedded into five different

Introduction: Occipital condyle fractures (OCFs) can occasionally be complicated with lower cranial nerve palsies. Discussion: Isolated 9th and 10th cranial nerve palsies following OCF are very rare. To our knowledge, we report the first case of an early onset of 9th and 10th cranial nerve palsies with an early full recovery in short period of time and discuss the probable mechanism of isolated ne

PURPOSE: The predictive value of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) gene for survival and response to platinum-based chemotherapy in gastric cancer (GC) remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify the precise estimation of the prognostic and predictive effect of ERCC1.METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley and

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer presents as advanced disease in >80% of patients; yet, appropriate ages to consider prevention and early detection strategies are poorly defined. We investigated age-specific associations and attributable risks of pancreatic cancer for established modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included 167 483 participants from two prospective US

PURPOSE: To assess whether higher plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with improved outcomes in colon cancer and whether circulating inflammatory cytokines mediate such association.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Plasma samples were collected from 1,437 patients with stage III colon cancer enrolled in a phase III randomized clinical trial (CALGB/SWOG 80702) from 2010 to 2015, who were followed