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In Situ Manipulation of Growth Mechanisms in the Vapor–Solid–Solid Growth of GaP Nanowires

Vapor–solid–solid (VSS) growth of III-V semiconductor nanowires (NWs) has long been considered an alternative for the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) growth mode, with the potential to avoid the incorporation of deep-level impurities into semiconductors and to form compositionally abrupt interfaces. Most research however indicates that VSS growth has a much lower growth rate than observed in the VLS grow

Intelligent Crossroads Testbed : Toward Autonomous Intersection Management Systems

In the rapidly advancing domain of autonomous vehicle technology, the management of intersection traffic emerges as a demanding challenge. This paper describes the development and implementation of a novel testbed designed for the investigation of an autonomous intersection management system (AIMS). The research primarily focuses on the complex coordination required among autonomous vehicles for e

Data collection in wildfire evacuation drills

This report presents an overview of a set of data collection methods that can be used for the study of wildfire evacuation during community drills. A demonstration of a set of suitable data collection methods is performed during an evacuation drill conducted at Roxborough Park, Colorado (USA) in June 2024. Data collection methods reviewed and adopted included both quantitative and qualitative meth

Patterns and Determinants of Micronutrient Dietary Biomarkers and Their Associations with Dietary Intakes in Young Children

Background: Circulating dietary biomarkers are not direct proxies for intake, as the biomarkers reflect not only food and supplement consumption but also nutrient absorption, metabolism, and tissue distribution. Therefore, along with nutrient intake, several other upstream factors can impact dietary biomarker concentrations, including demographic, medical history, and genetic factors. Objectives:

Cliometrics of growth

This chapter lays the theoretical foundations of long-run economic growth. After providing an overview of the three fundamental regimes that have characterized the process of development over the course of human history on the basis of the seminal work of Galor and Weil (Am Econ Rev 90:806-828, 2000), we review existing theories offering explanations of the different stages of development. In part

Software Component Update for IoT Systems

Frequent updates in IoT software are crucial for fixing security vulnerabilities, correcting bugs, and adding new features. However, for systems comprising geographically distributed devices, implementing updates is challenging. Such updates must be coordinated across multiple devices, automated without end-user involvement, adaptable to weak connectivity, and minimally disruptive to end users. In

A Versatile and Upgraded Version of the LundTax Classification Algorithm Applied to Independent Cohorts

Stratification of cancer into biologically and molecularly similar subgroups is a cornerstone of precision medicine. The Lund Taxonomy classification system for urothelial carcinoma aims to be applicable across the whole disease spectrum including both non–muscle-invasive and invasive bladder cancer. A successful classification system is one that can be robustly and reproducibly applied to new sam

Pre-treatment metastatic biopsy : a step towards precision oncology for urothelial cancer

Early metastatic spread and clonal expansion of individual mutations result in a heterogeneous tumour landscape in metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). Substantial molecular heterogeneity of common drug targets, such as membranous NECTIN4, FGFR3 mutations, PDL1 or immune phenotypes, has been documented between primary and metastatic tumours. However, translational and clinical studies frequently do

Orthopteran Neo-Sex Chromosomes Reveal Dynamics of Recombination Suppression and Evolution of Supergenes

The early evolution of sex chromosomes has remained obscure for more than a century. The Vandiemenella viatica species group of morabine grasshoppers is highly suited for studying the early stages of sex chromosome divergence and degeneration of the Y chromosome. This stems from the fact that neo-XY sex chromosomes have independently evolved multiple times by X-autosome fusions with different auto

The risks for major psychiatric disorders in the siblings of probands with major depressive disorder

Using a case-controlled study including siblings of major depression (MD) and control probands, born 1970–1990 and followed through 2018, we sought to clarify the degree to which the familial liability to MD is reflected in its clinical features, and the pattern of psychiatric disorders at elevated risk in the siblings of MD probands. The study population included full-siblings of 197,309 MD and m

Harbour Porpoises Are Flexible Predators Displaying Context‐Dependent Foraging Behaviours

Opportunistic mobile predators can adapt their behaviour to specific foraging scenarios, allowing them to target diverse prey resources. An interesting example is the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), a marine mammal with a huge energy demand feeding on a large variety of fish, squid and shrimps. Little is known about the foraging behaviour of harbour porpoises, as observations of wild specime

Single-cell multiomics analysis of chronic myeloid leukemia links cellular heterogeneity to therapy response

The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a paradigm in molecularly targeted cancer therapy. Nonetheless, TKI-insensitive leukemia stem cells (LSCs) persist in most patients even after years of treatment and are imperative for disease progression as well as recurrence during treatment-free remission (TFR). Here, we have generated high-resolut

Clinical Management and Transplant Considerations in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Left Heart Disease : A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Children with left heart disease are at risk for developing pulmonary hypertension, initially secondary to pulmonary venous hypertension that can progress to include elevated pulmonary vascular resistance, known as combined pre- and postcapillary pulmonary hypertension. Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance may pose a risk to the right ventricle of a newly transplanted heart because of increased

Preschool class pupils’ enhanced subitizing abilities by learning study interventions

Purpose: This study explores variation theory-based interventions’ contribution to enhancing preschoolers’ subitizing abilities during iterative lessons. Results are presented according to low, middle and high achievers, focused on those with prominent challenges. Design/methodology/approach: In total 68 Swedish preschoolers participated. They were randomly assigned to one of the intervention/cont