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fhl2b mediates extraocular muscle protection in zebrafish models of muscular dystrophies and its ectopic expression ameliorates affected body muscles

In muscular dystrophies, muscle fibers loose integrity and die, causing significant suffering and premature death. Strikingly, the extraocular muscles (EOMs) are spared, functioning well despite the disease progression. Although EOMs have been shown to differ from body musculature, the mechanisms underlying this inherent resistance to muscle dystrophies remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate importa

Light-yield response of liquid scintillators using 2–6 MeV tagged neutrons

Knowledge of the neutron light-yield response is crucial to the understanding of scintillator-based neutron detectors. In this work, neutrons from 2–6 MeV have been used to study the scintillation light-yield response of the liquid scintillators NE 213A, EJ 305, EJ 331 and EJ 321P using event-by-event waveform digitization. Energy calibration was performed using a GEANT4 model to locate the edge p

Structure and thermoacoustic instability of turbulent swirling lean premixed methane/hydrogen/air flames in a model combustor

The structure and thermoacoustic instability (TI) of premixed CH4/H2/air swirling flames were experimentally investigated for a range of hydrogen fraction (ηH2) up to 80% under different equivalence ratio (Φ) and swirl number (S) conditions. It is shown that the onset of TI is enhanced when increasing either ηH2, S, or Φ. The dominant frequency of TI increases dramatically with ηH2. The higher dom

Formation of flattened planetesimals by gravitational collapse of rotating pebble clouds

Planetesimals are believed to form by the gravitational collapse of aerodynamically concentrated clumps of pebbles. Many properties of the objects in the cold classical Kuiper belt – such as binarity, rotation, and size distribution – are in agreement with this gravitational collapse model. Further support comes from the pebble-pile structure inferred for comet nuclei. For this study, we simulated

Mobility among the stone age island foragers of Jettböle, Åland, investigated through high-resolution strontium isotope ratio analysis

The input of strontium from aquatic resources in an omnivorous diet has been researched to a lesser degree than that of terrestrial sources, which, in specific sociocultural settings, complicates the study of provenance and mobility. To address this lack of research and to investigate forager mobility in an archipelago environment, where access to terrestrial resources was limited and earlier stud

Linking structural and functional changes during aging using multilayer brain network analysis

Brain structure and function are intimately linked, however this association remains poorly understood and the complexity of this relationship has remained understudied. Healthy aging is characterised by heterogenous levels of structural integrity changes that influence functional network dynamics. Here, we use the multilayer brain network analysis on structural (diffusion weighted imaging) and fu

Noninvasive assessment of glymphatic dysfunction in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus with diffusion tensor imaging

OBJECTIVE: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) along the perivascular space (ALPS) (DTI-ALPS)-by calculating the ALPS index, a ratio accentuating water diffusion in the perivascular space-has been proposed as a noninvasive, indirect MRI method for assessing glymphatic function. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether DTI-ALPS would reveal glymphatic dysfunction in idiopathic normal pressu

Mellan juridisk fixering och flexibilitet i den europeiska AI-förordningen

Det är mycket rörelse på AI-fronten nu – både rättsligt, tekniskt och politiskt. Stefan Larsson, jurist och docent i teknik och social förändring vid Lunds universitet, placerar in EU-lagstiftarens AI-förordning i en både global och svensk kontext. Han beskriver processen bakom lagstiftningen, de etiska och principiella grunderna, och hur EU-lagstiftaren hanterar AI-innovationernas explosionsartad

Closing the loop for poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) recycling: depolymerization, monomers separation, and upcycling

Efficient recycling and upcycling strategies to retain the material in the economy and away from the ecosystems are important to achieve a sustainable plastic system. Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a biodegradable polyester that has gained considerable interest for various applications. Here, we report a study on enzymatic depolymerization of PBAT, recovery and purification

Effects of local compositional heterogeneity in mixed halide perovskites on blue electroluminescence

Compositional heterogeneity is commonly observed in mixed bromide/iodide perovskite photoabsorbers, typically with minimal effects on charge carrier recombination and photovoltaic performance. Consistently, it has so far received very limited attention in bromide/chloride-mixed perovskites, which hold particular significance for blue light-emitting diodes. Here, we uncover that even a minor degree

Design space investigations of scramjet engines using reduced-order modeling

Conceptual design studies performed with reduced-order approaches allow feasibility and sizing considerations of air-breathing engines to be configured at an affordable computational cost. The present study is devoted to exploring the design space of a dual-mode ramjet engine operating in scramjet mode by means of reduced-order analysis to assess the effects of propulsive system design configurati

Inferring position of motor units from high-density surface EMG

The spatial distribution of muscle fibre activity is of interest in guiding therapy and assessing recovery of motor function following injuries of the peripheral or central nervous system. This paper presents a new method for stable estimation of motor unit territory centres from high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG). This completely automatic process applies principal component compressi

Assessing the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks of metals in the drinking water of Isfahan, Iran

Metals are significant contributors to water pollution, posing serious threats to human health. This study aims to assess the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with metals in Isfahan drinking water. Eighty water samples were randomly collected from the city's distribution network between January and March 2020–2021. Inductively coupled plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry w

Property probes : Live exploration of program analysis results

We present property probes, a mechanism for helping a developer explore partial program analysis results in terms of the source program interactively while the program is edited. A node locator data structure is introduced that maps between source code spans and program representation nodes, and that helps identify probed nodes in a robust way, after modifications to the source code. We have devel

Progression analysis versus traditional methods to quantify slowing of disease progression in Alzheimer’s disease

Background: The clinical meaningfulness of the effects of recently approved disease-modifying treatments (DMT) in Alzheimer’s disease is under debate. Available evidence is limited to short-term effects on clinical rating scales which may be difficult to interpret and have limited intrinsic meaning to patients. The main value of DMTs accrues over the long term as they are expected to cause a delay

Pesticide exposure, birth size, and gestational age in the ISA birth cohort, Costa Rica

Purpose: To examine associations of prenatal biomarkers of pesticide exposure with birth size measures and length of gestation among newborns from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) birth cohort, Costa Rica. Methods: We included 386 singleton liveborn newborns with data on birth size measures, length of gestation, and maternal urinary biomarkers of chlorpyrifos, synthetic pyrethroids, mancoze

Nigral transcriptomic profiles in Engrailed-1 hemizygous mouse models of Parkinson's disease reveal upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes associated with delayed dopaminergic neurodegeneration

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, increasing both in terms of prevalence and incidence. To date, only symptomatic treatment is available, highlighting the need to increase knowledge on disease etiology in order to develop new therapeutic strategies. Hemizygosity for the gene Engrailed-1 ( En1), encoding a conserved transcription factor ess

Side-group switching between metal-to-ligand charge-transfer and metal-centered excited state properties in iron(II) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes

Fe(II) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes have emerged over the last decade as a promising class of light-harvesting complexes for a variety of photochemical applications relying on the presence of high-energy excited states of mainly charge-transfer character with excited state lifetimes of tens of picoseconds or longer. Recent spectroscopic investigations have significantly refined the under

Charity in Saudi Arabia: Civil Society under Authoritarianism

n Charity in Saudi Arabia, Nora Derbal challenges the existing literature on Saudi Arabia’s civil society, giving space and voice to some of its more underappreciated actors. The book includes a mix of personal experiences, ethnographic observation, and detailed descriptions of four civil society organizations (CSOs) and their evolution from 2009 to 2020. In the aftermath of the 2009 flood in Jedd