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The adsorption and formation of DNA and cationic surfactant complexes at the silica-aqueous interface have been studied by ellipsometry. The interaction between the DNA-surfactant complexes at the mica-aqueous interface has been determined by the interferometric surface force apparatus. Adsorption was as expected not observed on negatively charged hydrophilic surfaces for DNA and when DNA-cationic

Hamstring muscles play a major role in knee-joint stabilization after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Weakness of the knee extensors after ACL reconstruction with patellar tendon (PT) graft, and in the knee flexors after reconstruction with hamstring tendons (HT) graft has been observed up to 2 years post surgery, but not later. In these studies, isokinetic muscle torque was used. However

Neutral pion transverse momentum spectra were measured in p+C and p+Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 17.4 GeV at midrapidity (2.3 less than or similar to eta(lab)less than or similar to 3.0) over the range 0.7 less than or similar to p(T)less than or similar to 3.5 GeV/c. The spectra are compared to pi(0) spectra measured in Pb+Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 17.3 GeV in the same experiment. For a wide

Shedding of epithelium, increased venular permeability, and traffic of activated eosinophils and neutrophils may characterize asthmatic airways. This in vivo study involving briefly anesthetized guinea pigs examines whether epithelial denudation itself affects airway venules and granulocytes. Using an oral probe, a de-epithelialized tracheal zone (0.8 x 30 mm) was produced without bleeding or dama

The relaxivity behaviour and the structural characterization of new supramolecular aggregates (bilayer structures and micelles) obtained by combining two different amphiphilic monomers are reported. One monomer, (C18)2DTPAGlu-Gd, contains a very stable gadolinium complex, and the other, DSPE-PEG2000-CCK8, contains the bioactive CCK8 peptide. Samples that contained only DSPE-PEG2000-CCK8, or up to

Human adenosine A2A and rat dopamine D2 receptors (A2A and D2 receptors) were co-transfected in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to study the interactions between two receptors that are co-localized in striatopallidal gamma-aminobutyric acid-(GABA)ergic neurons. Membranes from transfected cells showed a high density of D2 (3.6 pmol per mg protein) and A2A receptors (0.56 pmol per mg protein). The

A negative calcium balance has previously been described in human hypertension with low levels of plasma ionized calcium (Ca2+) and an increased urinary excretion of calcium. The cause of this disturbance in mineral metabolism is not known, nor is it known if this derangement could be abolished if blood pressure is reduced by antihypertensive treatment. In the present investigation, the effects of

The homogeneous charge compression ignition ( HCCI) combustion engine principle lacks direct ignition timing control, instead the auto-ignition depends on the operating condition. Since auto-ignition of a homogeneous mixture is very sensitive to operating conditions, fast combustion phasing control is necessary for reliable operation. For this paper, a six-cylinder heavy-duty HCCI engine was contr

With the aim to reconsider lifestyle values in relation to economic rationality in small tourism and hospitality businesses, we focus on the “commercial home” as a site where boundaries between personal and commercial values are constantly performed in practice. Through an interactionist analysis of the narrative of a B&B and gallery owner, we illustrate the emergence of intimacy as a commerci

Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) is a common and popular method used to investigate microbial populations in natural and engineered environments. DNA oligonucleoticle probes require accurate determination of the optimal experimental conditions for their use in FISH Oligonucleotides targeting the rRNA of methanogenic Archaea at various taxonomic levels have previously been published, altho

Four tetranuclear ruthenium carbonyl hydrido clusters consisting of the enantiomeric pairs [H4Ru4(CO)10{-1,2-(R/S,R/S)-bdpp}] and [H4Ru4(CO)10{1,1-(R/S,R/S)-bdpp}] containing chiral (R,R)- or (S,S)-bdpp [bdpp = (2R/S,4R/S)-2,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane] have been prepared and fully characterized. These clusters catalyze asymmetric hydrogenation of tiglic acid [trans-2-methyl-2-butenoic acid] w

Lactobacillus reuteri is known to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS), which have the potential to be used as an alternative biothickener in the food industry. In this study, the effect of several environmental conditions on the growth and EPS production in the L. reuteri strain ATCC 55730 was determined. The expression of the corresponding reuteransucrase gene, gtfO, was investigated over time and t

One challenge that has to be addressed by the fast and frugal heuristics program is how people manage to select, from the abundance of cues that exist in the environment, those to rely on when making decisions. We hypothesize that causal knowledge helps people target particular cues and estimate their validities. This hypothesis was tested in three experiments. Results show that when causal inform