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OBJECTIVES: The objective was to analyse whether a favourable change in risk factors, caused by a comprehensive risk factor modification programme, affected intima-media thickness (IMT) in the common carotid artery, and whether any such change was associated with a change in cardiovascular events during a 6-year follow-up. DESIGN: Patients were randomized 1 : 1 to special intervention or usual car

AIMS: Increased or altered activities of cysteine proteases have been implicated in serious human disorders such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, sepsis, and osteoporosis. To improve the current knowledge of the regulatory role of a major mammalian cysteine protease inhibitor, cystatin C, in such disease processes, a cystatin C deficient mouse was generated and characterized. METHODS: The mouse cy

Intranasal administration of peptide Acl-9[4Y], based on the N-terminal epitope of myelin basic protein, can induce CD4(+) T cell tolerance, and suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction. The peptide-induced regulatory T (PI-T-Reg) cells failed to produce IL-2, but expressed IL-10 in response to Ag and could suppress naive T cell responses in vitro. Analysis of Jak-STAT signalin

The CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders (CVD) was developed in 1994 by an international ad hoc committee of the American Venous Forum, endorsed by the Society for Vascular Surgery, and incorporated into "Reporting Standards in Venous Disease" in 1995. Today most published clinical papers on CVD use all or portions of CEAP. Rather than have it stand as a static classification system, a

Medical physics education and training requires the use of extensive imaging material and specific explanations. These requirements provide an excellent background for application of e-Learning. The EU projects Consortia EMERALD and EMIT developed five volumes of such materials, now used in 65 countries. EMERALD developed e-Learning materials in three areas of medical physics (X-ray diagnostic rad

Gas flow and heat transfer in both cathode and anode channels have been modeled and analyzed for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The simulated channel consists of a porous electrode layer (anode or cathode), gas flow duct, and solid current collector. The characteristics of gas flow and heat transfer in terms of friction factor and Nusselt number were investigated by a three-dimensional compu

MAIN QUESTION: To compare the diagnostic properties of Endorette and D&C in women with postmenopausal bleeding, to relate the properties to endometrial thickness as measured by ultrasound, and to assess the women's experiences of the two methods. METHODS: In a prospective study, 133 consecutive women with postmenopausal bleeding were examined with transvaginal ultrasound. After measuring the e

A special gait-training programme, combining a psychological therapeutic approach with methods in physiotherapy and body awareness, was used to re-educate nine unilateral trans-femoral amputees. All were rehabilitated trauma or tumour amputees with an age of 16-60 years. They had worn prostheses for more than 18 months. The re-education aimed at integrating the prosthesis in normal movements and i

We consider various models of randomly grown graphs. In these models the vertices and the edges accumulate within time according to certain rules. We study a phase transition in these models along a parameter which refers to the mean life-time of an edge. Although deleting old edges in the uniformly grown graph changes abruptly the properties of the model, we show that some of the macro-characteri

The purpose of this review is to draw attention to the use of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ( ESI-MS) for monitoring the course of enzyme substrate interactions, in the particular case of complex systems in which two substrates participate. The determination and characterization of intra-molecular reactions, especially those that occur in the enzyme active site, is not a trivial task i

Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 20079 is the producer of a novel bacteriocin termed acidocin D20079. In this paper, a partial sequence of this peptide is determined, together with data on its secondary structure. A modification of the MRS-growth medium (replacing the detergent Tween 80 with oleic acid), was shown to improve the production level of the peptide by one order of magnitude, as well as to

We consider the conditions necessary for the development of an inverted population among the energy levels of free atoms in a medium exposed to radiation in spectral nonequilibrium. In particular, we focus on monochromatic radiation occurring as a result of an accidental wavelength coincidence between a pumping emission line and a pumped absorption line in two different elements. We examine especi

Spinach thylakoids were separated into grana core, grana margin, and two different stromal lamella fractions in the absence of detergents. The levels of all light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding (LHC) proteins were determined in all fractions, and were normalised to the amount of Photosystem I (PS I) and Photosystem II (PS II) centres. PS Iβ in the stroma lamellae was found to have a full compl

The current high rate of population declines and attempts to 'manage' their recovery, call for a better understanding of recovery dynamics of populations. In many cases, recovery of a population may primarily be determined by a single life history property or ecological interaction, allowing for straightforward management actions. For example, a generalist predator may prevent the recovery of its

We have studied the early stages of GaInP overgrowth on InP quantum dots (QD's) experimentally and theoretically. A direct correlation between the surface morphology and the optical properties of individual InP QD's is made using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning tunneling luminescence. The geometric structure of the islands is further investigated using cross-sectional transmission