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Background:Commonly used islet transplantation protocols experiencesignificant islet injury and graft loss; therefore new methods to support thelong-term benefits of this treatment are needed. Recent studies have shownthat non-endothelial bone marrow-derived multipotent adult progenitor cells(MAPC) possess significant immune-modulating abilities and can secreteangiogenic molecules, which could mak

OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with dyslipidemia, but the detailed alterations in lipid species preceding the disease are largely unknown. We aimed to identify plasma lipids associated with development of T2DM and investigate their associations with lifestyle. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: At baseline, 178 lipids were measured by mass spectrometry in 3,668 participants wit

The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is active against oral bacteria and has been demonstrated to be present in human saliva, but its distribution in different fractions of saliva is not known. LL-37 is formed from its intracellular pro-form, hCAP18, in an extracellular enzymatic reaction catalyzed by proteinase 3 and kallikrein 5. Here, we prepared cell-containing and cell-free fractions of unstimulat

OBJECTIVE: Recent in vivo results have shown prominent tissue sparing effect of radiotherapy with ultra-high dose rates (FLASH) compared to conventional dose rates (CONV). Oxygen depletion has been proposed as the underlying mechanism, but in vitro data to support this have been lacking. The aim of the current study was to compare FLASH to CONV irradiation under different oxygen concentrations in

Vi vet idag att en omställning av transportsektorn är avgörande för uppfyllandet av de klimatpolitiska målen och FN:s 2030-mål. Såväl forskare som praktiker har därför framhävt behovet av att öka andelen energieffektiva transportslag som gång, cykel och kollektivtrafik. Samtidigt pågår det idag en snabb teknikutveckling inom transportområdet och idag sker mycket av innovationsarbetet genom offentl

While previous research on projectification tends to focus on why processes of projectification emerge and in what contexts, this chapter use the example of European Union (EU) project funding in Swedish local government to analyse and understand how processes of projectification unfold in terms of transformation and adaptation. Key agents in processes of projectification are located and how these

Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) has been argued as part of the solution to prevalent transport problems. However, progress from pilots to large-scale implementation has hitherto been slow. The aim of the research reported in this paper was to empirically and in-depth investigate how, and to what extent, different factors affect the development and implementation of MaaS. A framework was developed, wi

In the light of increasing urban challenges, municipalities are developing and advancing new forms of governing. One such example is ‘urban experimentation’, a process where city-based innovation processes are initiated to test solutions that – if deemed successful – are intended to be scaled up with the ambition to leverage a broader urban sustainability transition. Research on experimental gover

This volume is a special issue with contributions that stem from the collaborations of the 2018 AESOP PhD workshop, held 5-8 July at Tjärö island, Sweden. The overarching aim of the workshop was to establish inclusive spaces for dialogue and collaboration between PhD students across countries and continents on issues that pertained to the AESOP’s 2018 congress theme “Making space for hope”. Furthe

Goal-directed behavior can benefit from proactive adjustments of cognitive control that occur in anticipation of forthcoming cognitive control demands (CCD). Predictions of forthcoming CCD are thought to depend on learning and memory in two ways: First, through direct experience, associative encoding may link previously experienced CCD to its triggering item, such that subsequent encounters with t

I den här forskningsrapporten har vi velat pröva och utveckla utgångspunkterhämtade från tjänstelogik i arbete med innovation inom välfärd. Växandeungdomskriminalitet och ökande psykisk ohälsa är bara två exempel på effekter avcsamhällsförändringar som utmanar den offentligt finansierade välfärden och får dencatt söka nya tillvägagångssätt. I detta sökande efter framgångsrika sätt att förändracväl

CONTEXT: The time-to-glucose-peak following the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a highly reproducible marker for diabetes risk. In obese youths, we lack evidence for the mechanisms underlying the effects of the TCF7L2 rs7903146 variant on glucose peak. METHODS: We analyzed the metabolic phenotype and the genotype for the TCF7L2 rs7903146 in 630 obese youths with normal (NGT) and impaired (IG

Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chemical exchange saturation transfer (gagCEST) is a potential method for cartilage quality assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate how the gagCEST effect depends on the types and molecular organization of GAG typically found in articular cartilage. gagCEST was performed on different concentrations of GAG in various forms: free chains of chondroitin sulfate (CS

Mosquitos, sometimes carrying deadly diseases such as malaria, zika, and dengue fever, cause much concern. To control mosquitos, it is important to effectively monitor their presence and behavioral trends. We have constructed two optical sensing systems for insects based on light attenuation and light backscattering, respectively. The systems, which were tested with the potentially dangerous Aedes