BACKGROUND/AIMS: Chromosomal instability is a well-known factor in the progression of different types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. Chromosomal instability results in severely rearranged karyotypes and aneuploidy. Tetraploidy constitutes an intermediate phase during the polyploidy/aneuploidy cascade in oncogenesis, and tetraploid cells are particularly resistant to chemotherapy. Whether

AimTo assess the prevalence, types and indications for fluid bolus therapy in neonates with haemodynamic compromise.MethodsThis was a pragmatic, international, multicentre observational study in neonatal units across Australasia, Europe and North America with a predefined study period of 10–15 study days per participating neonatal unit between December 2015 and March 2017. Infants ≤28 days of age

Purpose: In early 2000s Six Sigma and Lean were combined into Lean Six Sigma (LSS), which has been one of the major strategic quality initiatives all over the world. Now, we are in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution (IR), which changes almost everything including LSS and quality management (QM) in the companies. We need new paradigm of LSS to boost LSS activities in this 4th IR era. In this

Purpose: In addition to incisional hernia, inguinal hernia is a recognized complication to radical retropubic prostatectomy. To compare the risk of developing inguinal and incisional hernias after open radical prostatectomy compared to robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. Method: Patients planned for prostatectomy were enrolled in the prospective, controlled LAPPRO trial between September 20

Introduction: Whether data on International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-codes from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) correctly correspond to subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and phenotypes of the Montreal classification scheme among patients with prevalent disease is unknown.Materials and methods: We obtained information on IBD subtypes and phenotypes from the medical re

We spend about two thirds of our time in private homes where airborne particles of indoor and outdoor origins are present. The negative health effects of exposure to outdoor particles are known. The characteristics of indoor airborne particles, though, are not well understood. This study assesses the differences in chemical composition of PM1 (

Different types of biogenic remains, ranging from siliceous algae to carbonate precipitates, accumulate in the sediments of lakes and other aquatic ecosystems. Unicellular algae called diatoms, which form a siliceous test or frustule, are an ecologically and biogeochemically important group of organisms in aquatic environments and are often preserved in lake or marine sediments. When diatoms accum

Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is one of the most used and established therapies for steroid-refractory graft-vs-host disease (GvHD), with a good effect to side effect profile. In this review, we present a summary of present literature and provide evidence-based treatment guidelines for ECP in GvHD. The guidelines constitute a consensus statement formed by the Nordic ECP Quality Group represen

Midregional Pro-enkephalin A (MR-PENK A) and N-terminal Protachykinin A (NT-PTA) have been associated with vascular dementia. However, the longitudinal relationship between these biomarkers and incident dementia has not been fully investigated. In the population-based Malmö Preventive Project, circulating levels of MR-PENK A and NT-PTA were determined in a random sample of 5,323 study participants

Closed-loop controlled drug dosing has the potential of revolutionizing clinical anesthesia. However, interpatient variability in drug sensitivity poses a central challenge to the synthesis of safe controllers. Identifying a full individual pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PKPD) model for this synthesis is clinically infeasible due to limited excitation of PKPD dynamics and presence of unmodeled d

Brake-related airborne particulate matter contributes to urban emissions in the transport sector. Recent research demonstrated a clear dependence of the number of ultra-fine particles on the disc brake temperature. Above the so-called transition temperature, the number of ultra-fine particles increases dramatically (several magnitudes). As for exhaust emissions, part of the emissions released duri

Most freight wagons in the EU use cast iron brake blocks. Cast iron brake blocks have a stable braking capability in different environmental conditions, but wear down the wheel tread quickly. Therefore, there is a need to understand the tribology of other brake block materials. A pin-on-disc tribometer placed in a temperature-controlled chamber is used to investigate the tribology of cast iron, si

Brake pads on wheel-mounted disc brakes are often used in rail transport due to their good thermal properties and robustness. During braking, both the disc and the pads are worn. This wear process generates particles that may become airborne and thus affect human health. The long term purpose of 'Airborne particles in Rail transport' project is to gain knowledge on the wear mechanisms in order to

Wear particles originating from disc brakes contribute to particulate concentration in the urban atmosphere. In this work novel nanoporous composite-based and conventional brake materials were tested against cast-iron discs in a modified pin-on-disc machine. During testing airborne wear particles were measured online and collected on filters, which were analysed using SEM and EDX. The morphology o

During braking, both the rotor and pads experience wear, generating particles that may become airborne. In field tests, it is difficult to distinguish these particles from others in the surrounding environment, so it is preferable to use laboratory test stands to study the amount of airborne wear particles generated. The purpose of this work is to investigate the possibility of separate, capture,

This paper investigates a new regularization of the group-sparsity estimation problem based on a quadratic envelope operator. The resulting estimator is shown to have a reduced bias when compared to the classical LASSO estimator and is characterized by a simple hyperparameter selection. Numerical results show that the quadratic envelope regularization yields estimates equal to an oracle solution w

Groundwater is a major source of drinking and agricultural water supply in arid and semiarid regions. Poor groundwater quality can be a threat to human health especially when it is combined with hazardous pollutants like heavy metals. In this study, an innovative method involving entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content was used for a semiarid reg

Importance: Better understanding is needed of the degree to which individuals tolerate Alzheimer disease (AD)-like pathological tau with respect to brain structure (brain resilience) and cognition (cognitive resilience). Objective: To examine the demographic (age, sex, and educational level), genetic (APOE-ϵ4 status), and neuroimaging (white matter hyperintensities and cortical thickness) factors

Study Design: A nonblinded randomized controlled trial. Introduction: Occupation-based interventions are superior to physical exercise–based interventions in patients with activity limitations. However, only a few studies have examined the effect in patients with hand-related disorders. Patients recover heterogeneously, which could be due to personal factors, such as sense of coherence (SOC). Purp