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In the last decade, there has been a substantial shift from actively managed funds to funds with passive investment strategies. This shift was also observed by Shleifer (1986), who identified that passive investment funds began to significantly increase their ownership of the S&P 500 in the period between 1975 and 1983. As the ownership of the stock market increased as the number of index fund
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) are the most common large herbivores in the arctic. With a habitat spreading over the entire circumpolar region, they can have a substantial effect on plant species composition and ecosystem processes and functions. They affect plant species composition by trampling, removal of foliage and by fertilization through dung and urine. These alterations in species compositio
Syfte: Studien avser att beskriva teorin inom området och hur arbetet med varumärkesplattformar fungerar i praktiken, för att vidare undersöka och förklara hur olika processer och beståndsdelar inom varumärkesplattformar skapar önskade effekter för ett varumärke. Syftet har således två olika delar, en beskrivande och en förklarande del. Konceptuellt ramverk: De konceptuella ramverket är baserat påPurpose: This paper is aimed to describe how the creation of brand platforms works in practice, to further examine and explain how different processes and elements within brand platform work creates desired effects to a brand. Therefore, the purpose has two aspects, one descriptive and one explanatory. Conceptual framework: The framework is based on a preliminary investigation, including three in
Traditionellt sett har höga byggnader uppförts med stomme av antingen betong eller stål. Trä som byggnadsmaterial har däremot använts till största del i mindre hus. I takt med att byggnadstekniker har utvecklats och byggnadssektorn letar efter mer miljövänliga alternativ börjar även höga träkonstruktioner bli mer eftertraktat. Ett problem med dessa konstruktioner är att trä är ett vekare och lättaTraditionally, high buildings have been built with either concrete or steel. Wood as a building material, however, has mostly been used in smaller buildings. As building techniques have been developed and the construction sector are looking for more eco-friendly alternatives high wooden structures are more sought-after. One problem with these designs is that wood is a weaker and lighter materials
Bakterier som lever i vatten brukar ta sig fram med hjälp av långa trådliknande utskott,så kallade flageller. Denna simteknik är väldigt annourlunda jämfört med det vi oftast ser i vår omvärld, att simma med fenor eller åror är nämligen inte särskilt effektivt för bakterier. Detta har att göra med vattnets radikalt annourlunda hydrodynamiska egenskaper på mikroskalan. Man brukar tala om det så kalMicroswimmer is a term that denotes small selfpropelling agents, such as bacteria, algea or artificial robots. Depending on the flow field they set up they can be categorized into two classes: pushers (e.g. E. coli ) and pullers (e.g C. reinhardtii ). The occurrence of jets, eddies and flocking have been observed in systems of dens pusher suspension. This phenomenon is called active turbulence. Th
Visste ni att teknologi som används för avgasrening kan användas i framtidens elbilar? I den katalytiska avgasrenaren i bensin- och dieselbilar finns partiklar som driver kemiska reaktioner i avgasflödet som omvandlar föroreningar till ofarliga ämnen utan att själva förbrukas. Det är samma partiklar som också används i bränsleceller, en lovande teknologi för framtidens fordonsdrift. Trots att dessStudying catalysts under such non-equilibrium conditions is a step towards approaching more realistic reaction conditions for working catalysts. Reactivity during phase changes of ultra-thin FeO2 films grown on Pt(111) are studied in situ with Ambient Pressure X-ray Photo Emission Spectroscopy and Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry, while running the CO oxidation reaction at 160°C and 0:6 mbar. These ph
Vatten är en nödvändighet för ett funktionellt samhälle. Grundvatten är, förutom yt- och havsvatten, en av de stora resurser som vi använder för att tillgodose vårt vattenbehov. Globalt varierar världens vattenanvändning och tillgängligheten av dricksvatten, där en stor andel har någon form av problem med att upprätthålla en god vattenstatus med avseende på vattenkvalitet och kvantitet. Även i SveWater is a necessary resource for a sustainable society. Groundwater is one of our supplies for potable water, other than surface- and seawater. Around the world the usage and accessibility of potable water varies, and many in places there are problems with maintaining a good water situation regarding both water quality and quantity. Even in Sweden, the water situation is not ideal. Even though we
Love, witches and magic has attracted the attention of humans since the dawn of time – clearly, during some periods more than others. This essay concentrates on one period of time when such an interest peaked, namely the Augustan era, when a wave of witch representations emerged in Roman literature. By discussing texts written by the famous poets Horace, Vergil and Ovid, alongside the less well-kn
Young adult novels about suicide are questioned pieces of literature. Fears of suicide contagion and the perceived unsuitability of such narratives for adolescents lie at the centre of this conflict, which has resulted in the banning of books and other censorship moves. Suicide in literature has been the focus of relatively scarce previous research, and there is a need for further literary critici
Background: Trust is a main issue in supply chain collaboration. Since the Blockchain technology has received lots of attention, researchers and industries started to ask what the impact of BCT on supply chain collaboration is, and how they can benefit from BCT in supply chain relationships. This research is about exploring the impact of Blockchain technology on trust in supply chain relationships
This master thesis report is an analysis of upstream supply chain of spare parts of an engineering equipment manufacturing company. The report follows a case study approach to come up with a joint replenishment strategy in order to reduce logistics costs and also meet the customer’s demand, by analysing the current logistics cost for the upstream of supply chain where the spare parts are shipped f
For a coating to withstand scratches, and have good abrasion resistance are extra important for some applications. PVC floors for example are often exposed to extensive wear, and it is therefore important to coat it with a coating that can withstand the hard use. One type of UV coating that have good scratch and abrasion resistance is a coating containing urethane acrylate resin. This type of re
Research aim: The thesis aims to research how higher education professionals perceive internal communication as a mean for knowledge-sharing within their workplace, and how it can support organizational learning. Theoretical framework and literature review: The theoretical framework applied, address and discuss the connection between internal communication, organizational learning, single- and do
Internenet och humor är något som historiker sällan undersöker. Detta främst då dessa skapar problem med hur man bör ta sig an dem. Frågor om detta skapar ett avvaktande från professionella historiker vilket i sin tur skapar ett problem då många intressanta frågor väcks om man som historiker verkar på internet. Det går att se en typ av material på internet med en tydlig koppling till både humor ocThis master’s thesis examines the use of History Didactics and Humour in Internet memes. Memes with historical references combined with Barack Obama, former US president and current president Donald Trump were used to narrow down the vast number of memes available. The memes could be put into two groups; memes that created a more political point through the use of History, and those that created H
This Thesis project used an event-based simulation tool written in MATLAB that modelled a factory scenario. Multiple base stations and a varying number of nodes were modelled. The nodes send data to the base stations and the simulation tool calculates the SINR of the received data and uses this SINR to model a probability of error. Latency statistics were then created using the time it took for th
In order to be able to fold packaging material into good looking packages with maintained barrier properties, the material is first provided with folding indications. This process is called creasing and it is carried out by passing the paperboard between two rollers holding tools which create a permanent deformation in the paperboard, according to a predetermined pattern. These tools have looked
When an automatic swing door is used in an entrance, the energy consumption increases. This is because the door cannot detect when the user has passed and therefore, for safety reasons, stands in the open position for too long. To make automatic swing doors more sustainable one needs smarter sensors that can cover a larger area and communicate with the door. In this thesis 11 different concepts of
