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N-terminal peptides from unprocessed prion proteins enter cells by macropinocytosis

A peptide derived from the N-terminus of the unprocessed bovine prion protein (bPrPp), incorporating the hydrophobic signal sequence (residues 1-24) and a basic domain (KKRPKP, residues 25-30), internalizes into mammalian cells, even when coupled to a sizeable cargo, and therefore functions as a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). Confocal microscopy and co-localization studies indicate that the inter

Effects of sample pretreatment and sequential fractionation by centrifuge drainage on concentrations of minerals in a calcareous soil solution

Soil solution is the direct source of mineral nutrients to vascular plants. Soil solutions of sieved samples at water-holding capacity of a seminatural calcareous soil, never cultivated or treated by fertilizers, were collected by sequential centrifugation at 24-18,900 X g relative centrifugal force (RCF), followed by ultrafiltration (0.2 mu m), and analysed for Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, S

Zirconia-Supported Vanadium Oxide Catalysts for Ammoxidation and Oxidation of Toluene: A Characterization and Activity Study

A series of samples of vanadia supported on monoclinic zirconia were prepared with nominal loadings from a half up to sixteen theoretical vanadia layers. The samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, high-resolution electron microscopy, Raman and diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy, and were used in the oxi

Millard repair of unilateral isolated cleft lip: a 25-year follow-up

Twenty-five patients with isolated unilateral cleft lip took part in a follow-up study at a mean age of 28.6 years. All had had a primary, Millard lip repair, at a mean age of 4.6 months. In 20 patients, at least one secondary correction had been undertaken during adolescence. The overall long-term outcome was thought to be good, leaving a fairly inconspicuous fine lip scar and acceptable nose con

Intramolecular dynamics of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase in monomer-dimer equilibrium studied by NMR: A model for changes in dynamics upon target binding

Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) dimerizes in the phosphate-bound state in solution with a dissociation constant of K-d = 1.5(+/-0.1) mM and an off-rate on the order of 10(4) s(-1).H-1 and N-15 NMR chemical shifts identify the dimer interface, which is in excellent agreement with that observed in the crystal structure of the dimeric S19A mutant. Two tyrosine residues of

Von Willebrand factor propeptide as a marker of disease activity in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

In 44 consecutive patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), plasma concentrations of von Willebrand factor (vWf) were higher than those of the vWf propeptide, but the propeptide showed less variability within patient subgroups. Higher values of the propeptide were observed in patients with early pulmonary involvement. A closer correlation of the propeptide than of vWf to biochemical markers of activ

On the Non-Stoichiometry in Rutile-Type »SbVO4

Heating equimolar mixtures of Sb2O3 and V2O5 at 800 degrees C in flowing gas with varying O-2/N-2 ratios produces a continuous nonstoichiometric series of rutile type, i.e., Sb(0.9)V(0.9+x)square(0.2-x)O(4), 0 < x < 0.2, and varying amounts of alpha-Sb2O4. Oxidized Sb(0.9)V(0.9)square(0.2)O(4), a = 4.63, c = 3.03 Angstrom (X ray powder data, XRD), is formed in pure oxygen and exhibits a modulated

Lateral mobility of tethered vesicle - DNA assemblies

Supported lipid membranes are particularly attractive for use in biochemical assays because of their resistance to nonspecific adsorption and their unique ability to host transmembrane proteins. Although ideal for use in many surface-based detection techniques, supported bilayers can make the incorporation of proteins problematic due to the steric constraints of the underlying substrate. A recentl

Onset of breeding among Swedish Starlings Sturnus vulgaris in relation to spring temperature in 1981-2003

Both spring temperature and date of the first Starling Sturnus vulgaris egg were highly correlated between different study sites and weather stations in the southern half of Sweden. In southern Sweden, but not in northern Sweden, onset of breeding correlated strongly with spring temperature, particularly during the last ten days of April, the period that happens to coincide with the start of breed

Methodology for in-line rheology by ultrasound Doppler velocity profiling and pressure difference techniques

This paper describes a methodology for measuring theological flow properties in-line, in real-time, based on simultaneous measurements of velocity profiles using an ultrasound velocity profiling (UVP) technique with pressure difference (PD) technology. The methodology allows measurements that are rapid, non-destructive and non-invasive and has several advantages over methods presented previously.

Tools for non-linear time series forecasting in economics - An empirical comparison of regime switching vector autoregressive models and recurrent neural networks

The purpose of this study is to contrast the forecasting performance of two non-linear models, a regime-switching vector autoregressive model (RS-VAR) and a recurrent neural network (RNN), to that of a linear benchmark VAR model. Our specific forecasting experiment is U.K. inflation and we utilize monthly data from 1969 to 2003. The RS-VAR and the RNN perform approximately on par over both monthly

Elevated transcranial Doppler flow velocities after severe head injury: cerebral vasospasm or hyperemia?

Sixty-seven patients (45 males and 22 females) aged 2 to 70 years (mean 36 years) who had suffered closed head injury were investigated with daily transcranial Doppler (TCD) recordings. A total of 470 TCD recordings (mean 7) were made during Days 1 to 14 after admission. Blood flow velocities were determined in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA). Tw