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Using Instagram in participatory visual methods - limitations of the platform
Interviews where photographs taken by the respondent are used in order to stimulate the conversation and to gain rich empirical material are increasingly employed by researchers. The ubiquitous use of mobile cameras and digital platforms such as Instagram has made it easier for the researcher as well as for the interviewees to take and share photographs. The limitations of participatory visual metInterviews where photographs taken by the respondent are used in order to stimulate the conversation and to gain rich empirical material are increasingly employed by researchers. The ubiquitous use of mobile cameras and digital platforms such as Instagram has made it easier for the researcher as well as for the interviewees to take and share photographs. The limitations of participatory visual met
Towards a Definition of Hate Speech : With a Focus on Online Contexts
As legislators and platforms tackle the challenge of suppressing hate speech online, questions about its definition remain unresolved. In this review we discuss three issues: What are the main challenges encountered when defining hate speech? What alternatives are there for the definition of hate speech? What is the relationship between the nature and scope of the definition and its operationabili
Mid-IR polarization spectroscopy applied for detection of methane at atmospheric pressure
Methane was studied with mid-infrared polarization spectroscopy (PS) in an atmospheric gas jet. Detection limit was investigated and laser induced fluorescence and PS spectra for the P, Q, and R branch are presented.
Structure Matters : Asymmetric CO Oxidation at Rh Steps with Different Atomic Packing
Curved crystals are a simple but powerful approach to bridge the gap between single crystal surfaces and nanoparticle catalysts, by allowing a rational assessment of the role of active step sites in gas-surface reactions. Using a curved Rh(111) crystal, here, we investigate the effect of A-type (square geometry) and B-type (triangular geometry) atomic packing of steps on the catalytic CO oxidation
Insight into KOH and KCl release behavior of burning wood and straw pellets using quantitative in situ optical measurements
Two-dimensional laser-induced photofragmentation fluorescence (LIPF) was employed to quantitatively visualize the potassium hydroxide (KOH) and potassium chloride (KCl) vapor in the plume above burning wood and straw pellets. In the LIPF measurement, two excitation lasers at 266 and 193 nm were adopted to discriminate KOH and KCl. Meanwhile, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), las
Pump-probe strategy for instantaneous 2D detection of CH3in flames using a single laser
Visualization of the reaction zone of flames using CH radicals as markers is restricted by the low concentration of CH in fuel-lean conditions. To address this, methyl radicals (CH3) are employed as a substitution of CH in premixed methane/air flames. A pump-probe method was adopted with the pump laser photolyzing CH3 and the probe laser detecting the photolyzed CH(X25) fragments. Laser excitation
Long-gap ignition using femtosecond laser filament-triggered discharge
Ignition has a significant impact on combustion efficiency and combustion emissions. Long-gap spark discharge ignition can increase the initial flame kernel and reduce the flame propagation time. However, long-gap spark discharge ignition requires increased discharge voltage and suffers from the fluctuation in ignition time and position. Here, we propose a long-gap ignition technique using femtose
Primary tumor volume and prognosis for patients with p16-positive and p16-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with radiation therapy
Background: The prescribed radiation dose to patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is standardized, even if the prognosis for individual patients may differ. Easy-at-hand pre-treatment risk stratification methods are valuable to individualize therapy. In the current study we assessed the prognostic impact of primary tumor volume for p16-positive and p16-negative tumors and in
Spectroscopic studies on Pr3+ doped YPO4 and LuPO4 upon vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and synchrotron radiation excitation
This work concerns the spectroscopic properties of micro- and nanoscale LuPO4:Pr3+ and microscale YPO4:Pr3+ upon excitation by VUV synchrotron radiation at a wide range of energies (5–45 eV) and two different temperatures (7 and 300 K). Both Pr3+ doped host materials show more intense UV-C emission than other Pr3+ phosphors studied earlier at FinEstBeAMS beamline under the same measurement conditi
Animal wastewater treatment with an improved combined Anaerobic-Aerobic System : Towards energy Self-Sufficiency
A combined anaerobic–aerobic (CAO) system is a feasible animal wastewater treatment approach, and one of the prerequisites for its sustainable application is to realise energy self-sufficiency. Here, we built an energy balance model to calculate the probability of achieving energy self-sufficiency in three CAO systems with multiple uncertainties through Monte Carlo simulation. Upon comparison with
Associations between perceived stress and health outcomes in adolescents
BACKGROUND: Adolescents are reporting increasing symptoms of anxiety, depression and somatization and an increase in perceived stress is a plausible explanation. The first aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of perceived stress and health outcomes in adolescents, and to evaluate if there are any sex differences. The second aim was to investigate if there is an association between perce
The Effect of Exercise for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer-Related Lymphedema : A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Introduction The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of exercise on (i) the prevention of cancer-related lymphedema (CRL) and (ii) the treatment of CRL, lymphedema-associated symptoms, and other health outcomes among individuals with CRL. Methods An electronic search was undertaken for exercise studies measuring lymphedema and involving individuals at ri
Lifetimes of the 3p 2P1/2, 2P3/2 and 3d 2D3/2, 2D5/2 Levels in Cl VII
The beam-foil excitation technique has been applied to determine lifetimes of the 3p2P1/2, 2P3/2 and 3d2D3/2, 2D5/2 levels in Na-like Cl VII. Using the ANDC method accurate values have been obtained which confirm recent theoretical values and explain some previously noted differences between theoretical and experimental oscillator strengths for transitions in multiply ionized Na-like ions.
Emphysema severity index (ESI) associated with respiratory death in a large Swedish general population
Recently, it has been shown and validated that presence and severity of emphysema on computed tomography could be estimated by a novel spirometry based index, the emphysema severity index (ESI). However, the clinical relevance of the index has not been established. We conducted cox-regression analyses with adjustment for age, smoking, sex, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital ca
The 3d-4f Transition in S VII Observed in a Laser-Produced Plasma
The energy levels of the 2p54f configuration in neon-like sulphur, S VII, have been derived from spectral lines in the region 330-375 Å. The lines, which were identified as belonging to the 3d-4f transition, were emitted from a laser-produced plasma. The structure in the 4f configuration has been studied through a parametric fit of Slater integrals.
Few-cycle short-wave-infrared light source for strong-field experiments at 200 kHz repetition rate
We present a compact, few-cycle, short-wave infrared light source delivering 13 μJ, carrier-envelope phase (CEP) stable pulses around 2 μm, operating at 200 kHz repetition rate. Starting from an ytterbium fiber amplifier, the seed is produced via white-light generation followed by difference frequency generation, and later amplified in two BiBO nonlinear crystals. A pulse duration of 15.8 fs is me
4s-4p transitions including intercombination lines in Zn-like Zr XI, Nb XII and Mo XIII
Energy levels of the configurations 4s4p and 4p2 in zink-like Zr, Nb and Mo have been derived through the identification of spectral lines emitted from laser-produced plasmas. Intercombination lines in the 4s4p-4p2 transition connect the singlet and triplet systems. Wavelengths for spinforbidden and magnetic quadrupole ground term combinations have been derived from the energy levels.
Major Histocompatibility Complex Variation and Haplotype Associated Survival in Response to Experimental Infection of Two Bd-GPL Strains Along a Latitudinal Gradient
While both innate and adaptive immune system mechanisms have been implicated in resistance against the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), studies on the role of specific MHC haplotypes on Bd infection are rare. Here, we studied variation in MHC Class IIB loci in the common toad Bufo bufo along a latitudinal gradient across Sweden. In general, Swedish toad populations had few MHC C
Identification and Functional Characterisation of Two Oat UDP-Glucosyltransferases Involved in Deoxynivalenol Detoxification
Oat is susceptible to several Fusarium species that cause contamination with different trichothecene mycotoxins. The molecular mechanisms behind Fusarium resistance in oat have yet to be elucidated. In the present work, we identified and characterised two oat UDP-glucosyltransferases orthologous to barley HvUGT13248. Overexpression of the latter in wheat had been shown previously to increase resis