Popular Abstract in Swedish Alla ryggradsdjur har ögon av en typ som kallas kameraöga. Som man kan höra på namnet så fungerar ett sådant öga ungefär som en kamera. En lins fokuserar ljuset på ett ljuskänsligt lager som i ett öga kallas för näthinna (retina). De ljuskänsliga cellerna i näthinnan heter tappar och stavar. Stavarna används för seende i mörker och tapparna används för seende i starkareMany fishes have well-developed visual systems with color vision capabilities. The crystalline lens is the major refractive element in a fish eye since the cornea is optically inactive underwater. A typical fish eye has a large pupil and a lens of short focal length, features that increase light gathering ability. They lead also to short depth of focus, which makes the eye particularly susceptible

Location information is exchanged among members of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) to serve many road and safety applications. Vehicles will announce their identity, position, and mobility information to their neighboring nodes. The importance of such information makes privacy a major concern. Successful implementation of VANET requires protecting the vehicle's identity at all times and preventi

The BCJR algorithm is a symbol-bysymbol soft-output MAP decoder for trellis codes. This paper studies the effect of wordlength variations on the BCJR performance and looks at two strategies for reducing the wordlength.

Extraordinary transmission of electromagnetic power through sub-wavelength apertures is usually observed in a narrow bandwidth range and the transmission outside this range is low. In this paper, it is shown that the transmission through periodic apertures in an otherwise perfectly electric conducting sheet satisfies a sum rule that relates wavelength regions with transmission above a threshold wi

A frequency synthesizer applied to 10/100 Base-T Ethernet transceiver is described. It can work in 10Mbps or 100Mbps mode adaptively and convert from one mode to another freely. The circuit can meet both requirements of transmitter on rising/falling time and receiver on CDR so that the additional power and area are saved. Under some testing circumstance, G of voltage control oscillator jittercycle

Abstract in UndeterminedClassical fitting-attitude analyses understand value in terms of it being fitting, or more generally, there being a reason to favour the bearer of value. However, recently such analyses have been interpreted as referring to two reason notions rather than only one. The general idea is that the properties of the object provide reason not only for a certain kind of favouring(s