Background: Xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) from Pichia stipitis are the two enzymes most commonly used in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains engineered for xylose utilization. The availability of NAD+ for XDH is limited during anaerobic xylose fermentation because of the preference of XR for NADPH. This in turn results in xylitol formation and reduced ethanol yield

Background: We previously showed that a VLDL-and LDL-rich mix of human native lipoproteins induces a set of repressive epigenetic marks, i. e. de novo DNA methylation, histone 4 hypoacetylation and histone 4 lysine 20 (H4K20) hypermethylation in THP-1 macrophages. Here, we: 1) ask what gene expression changes accompany these epigenetic responses; 2) test the involvement of candidate factors mediat

Felaktigt val av reparationsmetod och reparationsmaterial medför ofta att livslängden hos reparationen blir alltför kort. För att undvika detta måste man ta stor hänsyn till skadeorsaken och till de aktuella miljöpåfrestningarna. Stor hänsyn måste även tas till den skadade konstruktionens återstående kvalitet. I rapporten görs en genomgång av vilka krav som måste ställas på en reparation av olik

Aortic smooth muscle cells produce chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) proteoglycans that regulate extracellular matrix organization and cell behavior in normal and pathological conditions. A unique feature of CS/DS proteoglycans is the presence of iduronic acid (IdoA), catalyzed by two DS epimerases. Functional ablation of DS-epi1, the main epimerase in these cells, resulted in a major reduction

Popular Abstract in Swedish Stora resurser används i processindustrin, och i många andra industribranscher, på att rapportera incidenter för att utnyttja erfarenheterna från dessa för att förebygga framtida incidenter – alltifrån mindre störningar till olyckor med stora konsekvenser. Det finns emellertid en hel del som tyder på att man ofta utnyttjar bara en del av hela den potential för lärande sLearning from incidents (from minor disturbances to major accidents) is considered one of the most important ways in the process industry to learn from experiences for improving safety performance. Most companies have a formal incident learning system and considerable resources are used for reporting incidents and for utilising these experiences to prevent future incidents. However, there are many

Objectives: Several studies have suggested that genotoxic risks might still be present in the contemporary rubber manufacturing industry. Previously, we observed elevated levels of urinary mutagenicity and bladder DNA adducts in rubber workers. Presently, we investigated whether DNA adducts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and/or urothelial cells may be caused by polycyclic aromatic hy

A CMOS oscillator employing differential transistor pairs working in Class-C in push-pull configuration is presented. The oscillator exhibits the same advantages enjoyed by complementary topologies on oscillators based on a single differential pair, while yielding a substantial power consumption reduction thanks to the Class-C operation. The phase-noise performance and the fundamental conditions r

In this paper we discuss $(\epsilon,\delta)$-Freudenthal Kantor triple systems with certain structure on the subspace $L_{-2}$ of the corresponding standard embedding five graded Lie (super)algebra $L(\epsilon,\delta):=L_{-2}\oplus L_{-1}\oplus L_0\oplus L_1\oplus L_2; [L_i,L_j]\subseteq L_{i+j}$. We recall Lie and Jordan structures associated with $(\epsilon,\delta)$-Freudenthal Kantor triple sys

The tumor suppressor CYLD and the proto-oncogene BCL-3 are known to be deregulated in various cancer types. The molecular background of how these genes participate in carcinogenesis is not fully understood. CYLD is a deubiquitinating enzyme known to specifically target lysine 63 linked ubiquitin chains, which can negatively regulate the BCL-3, NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways, leading to a decreas

Background: The survival of patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer is still poor, with 5-year survival rates of 24-35%. The identification of prognostic and predictive markers at the molecular and cellular level could make it possible to find new therapeutic targets and provide "taylor made" treatments. Established cell lines of human squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are valuable model

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder affecting an estimated 300 million people worldwide. Most patients with asthma can be controlled with bronchodilators and low to moderate dose inhaled corticosteroids. However, an estimated 5-10% of the population presents a more troublesome disease, often referred to as severe asthma. The aim of present thesis was to study the relationship between histopat

Since the emulsification in the High-Pressure Homogenizer (HPH) is controlled by hydrodynamic forces, the turbulent flow field in the valve region is of significant interest. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations have been used for this in many studies. However, there are reasons to question if the utilized turbulence models, with their inherent assumptions and simplifications, could accu

Predation and competition are both strong structuring forces in community dynamics, but their relative importance is disputed. In a laboratory experiment, we evaluated the relative importance of competition and predation from juvenile and adult brown trout, respectively, on foraging performance of groups of three stone loaches. We observed loach consumption rate, time spent inactive, and aggressiv

Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is associated with changes in dorsal striatal parts of the basal ganglia (caudate nucleus and putamen), related to dysfunction in the cortico-striato-thalamic circuits which help mediate executive and motor functions. We aimed to determine whether the size and shape of striatal structures correlated with diagnosis of bvFTD, and measures of clinic

The gamma-ray decay of ail excited state in In-131, the one proton hole neighbor of the doubly magic (132)sn has been measured. A high-spin, core-excited isomer with T-1/2 = 630(60) us was identified following production by both relativistic fragmentation of a Xe-136 beam and fission Of a U-238 beam. This state deexcites by a single gamma-ray branch of 3782(2) keV from which direct evidence for th

Experimental observations and numerical simulation were conducted to study the flame characteristics and flame stabilization mechanism in a supersonic combustor with hydrogen injection upstream of cavity flame holders. OH radical distribution of the reacting flowfield was obtained using OH spontaneous emission and OH-PLIF (planar laser-induced fluorescence). The supersonic combustion flowfield wit

The Swedish Parliament has voted for massive expansion of wind power within the next decade. As in many other countries, the establishment of new wind farms has aroused local opposition. This paper contributes to the literature using a qualitative methodology to analyse attitudes towards wind power. In 2007, we carried out in-depth interviews with 40 stakeholders concerned with two planned nearsho