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Transmission of alcohol use disorder across three generations : a Swedish National Study

Background: While risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) is correlated in twins, siblings and parent-offspring pairs, we know little of how this syndrome is transmitted across three generations. Method: We examined 685 172 individuals born in Sweden from 1980 to 1990 with four grandparents, and both parents alive in 1980. AUD was assessed in all these individuals from nationwide medical, criminal and

Development of an algorithm for determination of the likelihood of virological failure in HIV-positive adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in decentralized care

Background: Early identification of virological failure (VF) limits occurrence and spread of drug-resistant viruses in patients receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART). Viral load (VL) monitoring is therefore recommended, but capacities to comply with this are insufficient in many low-income countries. Clinical algorithms might identify persons at higher likelihood of VF to allocate VL resources.

Optimizing Automated Peritoneal Dialysis Using an Extended 3-Pore Model

Introduction In the current study, an extended 3-pore model (TPM) is presented and applied to the problem of optimizing automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) with regard to osmotic water transport (UF), small/middle-molecule clearance, and glucose absorption. Methods Simulations were performed for either intermittent APD (IPD) or tidal APD (TPD). IPD was simulated for fill and drain volumes of 2 L,

Cohort profile : The Swedish National Register of Urinary Bladder Cancer (SNRUBC) and the Bladder Cancer Data Base Sweden (BladderBaSe)

Purpose To monitor the quality of bladder cancer care, the Swedish National Register of Urinary Bladder Cancer (SNRUBC) was initiated in 1997. During 2015, in order to study trends in incidence, effects of treatment and survival of men and women with bladder cancer, we linked the SNRUBC to other national healthcare and demographic registers and constructed the Bladder Cancer Data Base Sweden (Blad

Benefit of Local Anesthesia in Reducing Pain during Collagenase Injection for Dupuytren's Contracture

Collagenase injection for Dupuytren's contracture is commonly administered without anesthesia. The authors studied the benefit of injecting local anesthesia before collagenase in reducing treatment-related pain. This prospective cohort study included 187 patients (mean age, 69 years; 80 percent men) at two orthopedic departments in Sweden. At one center, 161 consecutive patients scheduled for coll

Insights into the need for permanent pacemaker following implantation of the repositionable LOTUS valve for transcatheter aortic valve replacement in 250 patients : Results from the REPRISE II trial with extended cohort

Aims: This analysis aimed to evaluate the incidence and predictors of the need for permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation following implantation of the repositionable and fully retrievable LOTUS Aortic Valve Replacement System. Methods and results: The prospective, single-arm, multicentre REPRISE II study with extended cohort enrolled 250 symptomatic, high surgical risk patients with severe aortic

Second foreign languages in the Swedish school context - The views of school leaders

Politicians and stakeholders widely support the “mother tongue plus two” language policy (European Commission) according to which all European citizens should be able to communicate in at least two foreign languages (FLs). However, despite high political and societal ambitions, recent reports suggest that FLs other than English are suffering in Europe and Sweden is no exception to this trend. One

Blood pressure in 6-year-old children born extremely preterm

Background--Advances in perinatal medicine have increased infant survival after very preterm birth. Although this progress is welcome, there is increasing concern that preterm birth is an emerging risk factor for hypertension at young age, with implications for the lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results--We measured casual blood pressures (BPs) in a population-based cohort of

Waist/Hip Ratio Better Predicts Development of Severe Liver Disease Within 20 Years Than Body Mass Index : A Population-based Cohort Study

Background & Aims Obesity, commonly assessed based on body mass index (BMI), is associated with an increased risk for severe liver disease. It is not known if other measures of body composition are better determinants of risk for severe liver disease, and/or if these differ between women and men. We investigated the body composition measures that best predict the development of severe liver di

Sweden : Coronary and structural heart interventions from 2010 to 2015

Sparsely populated and with wide non-urbanised areas, Sweden faces specific challenges in providing publicly financed, high-quality and equal healthcare to all parts of the country. As a result, a decentralised organisation for acute coronary care has been developed with coronary care units and catheterisation laboratories in several small-And medium-sized city areas. In contrast, highly specialis