Mosquitoes use olfaction as a primary means of detecting their hosts. Previously, the functional ablation of a family of Aedes aegypti olfactory receptors, the odorant receptors (ORs), was not sufficient to reduce host seeking in the presence of carbon dioxide (CO2). This suggests the olfactory receptors that remain, such as the ionotropic receptors (IRs), could play a significant role in host det

Med fokus på digitala lärplattformar ställer denna studie frågan: vad är egentligen viktigast för studenterna i den digitala lärmiljön? Vad är den vanligaste anledningen till att studenter upplever att de digitala verktygen ställer till det för dem? Resultatet visar att det finns ett par faktorer som gäller struktur och förståelse av lärarens tanke med kursen som behöver vara uppfyllda för att kur

Inom professionsutbildningar finns inbyggt attstudenterna förr eller senare skall vara kapabla att hanteraautentiska situationer och problem. Därav följer möjligen attdet sätt vi testar studenterna på i examinationen också skallvara så autentiskt som möjligt. I denna text utforskaslitteraturen kring fenomenet autentisk examination, relationentill andra begrepp kring lärande berörs och slutligen re

The function of biomolecules is tightly linked to their structure, and changes therein. Time-resolved X-ray solution scattering has proven a powerful technique for interrogating structural changes and signal transduction in photoreceptor proteins. However, these only represent a small fraction of the biological macromolecules of interest. More recently, laser-induced temperature jumps have been in

Awiggler is a high-power insertion device that was used in the past to produce a smooth wide-band X-ray spectrum. It is widely believed that on low-emittance synchrotrons this X-ray source loses its spatial and spectral homogeneity and therefore becomes less ideal than a scanning undulator. In this paper, we report on experimental and computational studies of an in-vacuum wiggler installed on the

Despite the common challenge of investigating non-metallic inclusions within ultra-high-strength-steel (UHSS) at sub-micrometer scale via conventional methods, probing nitride inclusions at elevated temperatures is vital for guiding steel’ performance. Herein, an in-situ spectro-microscopic determination using advanced Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) coupled with photoelectron emis

Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane-bound water channels that play crucial roles in maintaining the water homeostasis of the human body. Here, we present a protocol for high-yield recombinant expression of human AQPs in the methylotropic yeast Pichia pastoris and subsequent AQP purification. The protocol typically yields 1–5 mg AQP per g of yeast cell at >95% purity and is compatible with any membrane

Decision-making processes for clean-up of contaminated sites are often highly complex and inherently uncertain. It depends not only on hydrological and biogeochemical site variability, but also on the associated health, environmental, economic, and social impacts of taking, or not taking, action. These variabilities suggest that a dynamic framework is required for promoting sustainable remediation

Joint time-frequency representations are important tools when estimating the instantaneous frequency. The widely used spectrogram is known to have poor energy localisation, which the reassignment method improves. However, the reassignment method is sensitive to noise. In this paper we present a multitaper reassigned spectrogram (MTRS) that is robust to noise and tailored to short duration transien

Background: Swedish Emergency Departments (EDs) see 2.6 million visits annually. Sweden has a strong tradition of health care databases, but information on patients’ pathways to the ED is not documented in any registry. The aim of this study was to provide a national overview of pathways, degree of medical acuteness according to triage, chief complaints, and hospital admission rates for adult pati

In recent years, lipid bicontinuous cubic liquid-crystalline nanoparticles known as cubosomes have been under investigation because of their favorable properties as drug nanocarriers useful for anticancer treatments. Herein, we present organic/inorganic hybrid, theranostic cubosomes stabilized in water with a shell of alternate layers of chitosan, single strand DNA (model genetic material for pote

This chapter provides overview of fundamental definitions, tools and new methods towards improved channel modeling reported in the Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST)-Inclusive Radio Communications (IRACON) Action for future wireless communications and networks. The overview first covers definitions of propagation environments as they determine most relevant propagation mechanisms to con

High-speed planar imaging of key combustion species, like hydroxyl radicals (OH), is crucial for understanding the complex chemistry–turbulence interactions in turbulent flames. However, conducting high-speed (kHz) diagnostics is challenging due to the requirements on advanced optical system, including both fast lasers and cameras. In this paper, we report a computational imaging method to artific

The pathology of Alzheimer's disease is connected to the aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, which in vivo exists as a number of length-variants. Truncations and extensions are found at both the N- and C-termini, relative to the most commonly studied 40- and 42-residue alloforms. Here, we investigate the aggregation of two physiologically abundant alloforms, Aβ37 and Aβ38, as pure peptides and

In this work, we simulate interactions between two perfectly conducting surfaces, immersed in a salt solution. We demonstrate that these forces are quantitatively different from those between (equally charged) non-conducting surfaces. There is, for instance, a significant repulsion between net neutral surfaces. On the other hand, there are also qualitative similarities, with behaviours found with

Purpose: Blockchain technology (BCT) is argued to deliver a trustless system where trust is driven by technology rather than individuals or organizations. This paper studies this claim using insights related to tracing sustainability features in the metal industry. Methodology: The results of this study are based on multiple case studies of two supply chains (steel and copper) piloting a traceabil