The results of three separate studies on ankle fractures are presented. Clinical information is provided concerning the epidemiology and a comparison of closed versus open treatment, and a discussion is presented concerning what results can be expected 30 years after closed treatment for an ankle fracture.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den tid vi i dagens samhälle betraktar som ungdomstid blir allt längre. De ungdomar som lämnar grundskolan tillhör en åldersgrupp som är större än på länge och det stora flertalet av dem är på väg in i svensk treårig gymnasieutbildning. En övergripande specialpedagogisk idé handlar om att alla människor bereds möjlighet att ta del i ett samhälle. Samtidigt finns inte nåThis longitudinal study draws the attention to some adolescents' images of the living-, study- and learning situations into, through and out of the upper secondary school period. The aim implies an examination of the ways a study group with "severe physical disabilities" describes their experiences of phenomena in connection with processes of co-operation and influence. References with particular

Historically, agriculturally induced CO2 release from soils has contributed to rising levels in the atmosphere. However, by using appropriate management, soils can be turned into carbon sinks. Many of the dryland regions of the world are characterised by degraded soils, a high incidence of poverty and a low capacity to invest in agriculture. Two well-proven soil organic matter models (CENTURY 4.0

Fluorescence lifetimes of formaldehyde excited by picosecond laser radiation with a wavelength of 355 nm were determined in nitrogen gas in a cell using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The measurements were conducted at temperatures between 295 and 770 K and pressures up to 10 bar (1 MPa). Detection was broadband in most cases. Temperature and pressure were found to have a q

OBJECTIVES: Aortic dilatation, dissection and rupture are among the major causes of death in subjects with Marfan's syndrome. The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanical properties or compliance of the aorta in these subjects and compare them with a healthy age- and sex-matched reference population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An ultrasound phase-locked echo-tracking system was used to deter

The ECL cells are endocrine/paracrine cells located in the acid-producing part of the stomach. They produce and secrete histamine and chromogranin A-derived peptides in response to circulating gastrin. Mobilized histamine stimulates acid secretion from adjascent parietal cells. The aims of the present investigation were to assess the usefulness of gastric submucosal microdialysis in studies of EC

Objective: To develop evidence based recommendations for the management of hip osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: The multidisciplinary guideline development group comprised 18 rheumatologists, 4 orthopaedic surgeons, and 1 epidemiologist, representing 14 European countries. Each participant contributed up to 10 propositions describing key clinical aspects of hip OA management. Ten final recommendation

Olanzapine is an atypical neuroleptic drug with mood-stabilising properties and few of the side effects commonly associated with conventional neuroleptic treatment. We used olanzapine, 5-20 mg/day, to treat severe aggression in six non-psychotic teenage boys with neuropsychiatric disorders. All but one started to respond within one week. The therapeutic effect in four of the patients clearly outwe

The presence of cholinergic nerve fibers in the brain vasculature has been a matter of controversy, partly due to the lack of a reliable histochemical marker. Accordingly, no distinct information about the origin and pathways for such fibers has been available. In the present study on the rat pial vasculature, utilizing a choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) antibody, which is able to demonstrate this

There is convincing evidence for a decreased risk of breast cancer with increased physical activity. Uncertainties remain, however, about the role of different types of physical activity on breast cancer risk and the potential effect modification for these associations. We used data from 218,169 premenopausal and postmenopausal women from nine European countries, ages 20 to 80 years at study entry

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim was to determine whether a delayed transfer to an enriched environment improves outcome after focal brain ischemia. METHODS: Performance on a rotating pole, prehensile traction, limb placement, and postural reflexes were tested in 15 spontaneously hypertensive rats housed in standard laboratory cages for 2 weeks after middle cerebral artery ligation. Seven of the 15

Nematodes, rotifers and tardigrades were collected on three nunataks (mountain peaks penetrating the ice sheet) in Vestfjella, on six nunataks; in Heimefrontfjella and on the Schirmacher Oasis in East Antarctica in the austral summers of 1996/97 and 2001/02. Most samples were taken on the nunatak Basen in Vestfjella where the Swedish station Wasa is located. The microfauna was patchily distributed

Car disassembly is at the edge of extensive rationalisations due to increased legislative demands for recycling. This study focused on (1) assessing Current mechanical exposures (physical work loads) for comparison with future rationalised systems, with particular emphasis on time aspects, (2) analysing disassembly work in terms of time consumption and exposures in constituent tasks as defined by