Background: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is dependent on detailed morphology in diagnostic assessment of interstitial lung diseases. Photon-counting CT (PCCT) enables improved resolution while reducing radiation. Purpose: To compare if the image quality, detailed morphology, and radiation dose in HRCT of the lung improves with PCCT compared to energy-integrated CT (EICT). Material an

Background: Gaming disorder (GD) is a new official diagnosis in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, and with its recognition, the need to offer treatment for the condition has become apparent. More knowledge is needed about the type of treatment needed for this group of patients. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of a novel module-b

Sub-Saharan Africa stands at a critical juncture between repeating historical boom-and-bust cycles and achieving sustained economic prosperity. While recent growth has sparked hope, this book goes beyond growth to examine the structural changes that shaped the region’s economies since independence. It reveals that today’s growth is built on improved foundations compared to past growth spurts. The

Objectives: The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is safe from a long-term perspective since there are no known cumulative risks for patients or personnel. However, the technique comes with several acute risks associated with the powerful electromagnetic fields that are necessary to produce medical images. These risks include, among other things, a projectile hazard, loud noise, and the risk

Since Perestroika, Russian journalism has gone through a liberalization. However, the short lived apex of journalistic freedom that took place in the late 1980s and early 1990s was followed by a setback in particular since Putin’s accession to power in 2000. The situation for the freedom of the daily press has stagnated. Despite this, the findings based on qualitative text analysis of news article

Introduction: A subgroup of severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients, known as ultra-severe (us-TBI), is most commonly defined as a post-resuscitation Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 3–5. There is uncertainty on whether these critically injured patients can benefit from neurosurgical intervention. Research question: The available evidence regarding the decision-making and outcome following managem

This paper examines the role of policy in China’s digital and green (twin) transition, building on a qualitative study of a large corpus of policy documents in green and digital domains. We analyse the multi-level governance of these transitions for three regional case studies: Shanghai, Wuhan and Hangzhou. We find that regions both adopt and adjust green and digital aims and means differently fro

ABP 959 is a biosimilar to the eculizumab reference product (RP), which is approved for the treatment of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, two-period crossover study randomized eculizumab RP-treated patients with PNH to one of two treatment sequences (ABP 959/eculizumab RP or eculizumab RP/ABP 959) to evaluate th

Background: In attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), poor inhibitory control is one of the main characteristics, with oculomotor inhibition impairments being considered a potential biomarker of the disorder. While auditory white noise has demonstrated the ability to enhance working memory in this group, visual white noise is still unexplored and so are the effects of both types of white

Many industries approach AM as a direct replacement for conventional manufacturing technologies. This approach, however, does not fully utilize the unique possibilities that additive processes offer.

The Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) is attractive for the simulation of large deformation problems, e.g. in free-surface fluid flows, fluid–structure interaction and in solid mechanics for geotechnical engineering and production processes. During cutting, forming or melting of metal, quasi-incompressible material behaviour is often considered. To circumvent the associated volumetric locking

Climate change poses significant challenges to the tourism industry, making understanding the factors influencing businesses’ adaptive responses crucial. This research investigates the complex interplay of social discourse, belief systems, perceived costs, risk perceptions, response efficacy, and self-efficacy in shaping tourism professionals’ adaptive and maladaptive behaviors. Focusing on busine

Context: Medications may become inappropriate for patients in the last phase of life and may even compromise their quality of life. Objective: To find consensus on recommendations regarding deprescribing of medications for adult patients with a life expectancy of six months or less. Methods: Experts working in palliative care or other relevant disciplines were asked to participate in this internat

This study investigates the combustion characteristics of ammonia and diesel sprays in a constant-volume vessel under conditions typical of internal combustion engines, focusing on the interplay between evaporation dynamics and flame interactions within the framework of the Direct Dual Fuel Stratification (DDFS) concept. Under non-evaporation conditions, ammonia and diesel sprays exhibit comparabl

This volume celebrates the 50th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). In so doing, it offers a comprehensive and systematic treatment of the rights and duties contained in the UDHR, in the light of its history, the intentions of its drafters ant the standard-setting activities and monitoring efforts which have grown out of its existence. Each article of the UDHR is treat

Post-marketing reports of suspected adverse drug reactions are important for establishing the safety profile of a medicinal product. However, a high influx of reports poses a challenge for regulatory authorities as a delay in identification of previously unknown adverse drug reactions can potentially be harmful to patients. In this study, we use natural language processing (NLP) to predict whether

A sport-related concussion (SRC) is caused by a force transmitted to the brain during sports, and may lead to long-term disabilities and neurodegeneration. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms causing persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) lasting beyond the normal four-week period, have not been established. The aim of this thesis was to investigate mechanisms of persistent symptoms i