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Species and epitope specificity of two 65 kDa glutamate decarboxylase time-resolved fluorometric immunoassays.

The 65 kDa isoform of human glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes (T1D). In the present study, we have developed a sensitive sandwich time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) for the quantification of GAD65 in cell extracts, cell media and serum. The monoclonal antibody GAD-6 is used to selectively capture GAD65 but not the slightly larger isoform GAD67, a

Automatic Tuning of Digital Controllers with Applications to HVAC Plants

It has been demonstrated that PID controllers can be tuned effectively based on an experiment with relay feedback. This paper describes a tuning method for a general digital controller based on relay feedback. The control design method is based on pole placement. An interesting feature is that the sampling period and the desired closed-loop poles are determined from the experiment. The method is a

Process and Control Design for a Novel Chemical Heat Exchange Reactor

A new chemical reactor, the Open Plate Reactor (OPR), is being developed by Alfa Laval AB. It has a very flexible configuration with distributed inlet ports, cooling zones and internal sensors. This gives the OPR improved control capabilities compared to standard chemical reactors in addition to better heat transfer capacity. In this paper, we address the relationship between the process design,

Normative positions within an algebraic approach to normative systems

The formal analysis of normative systems as initiated by Alchourrón and Bulygin can be complemented by the analysis of normative positions as pursued by Kanger, Lindahl, Sergot and Jones. The paper is a step towards integrating the two approaches within an algebraic theory of so-called Boolean quasi-orderings (Bqo's). In the general Bqo theory presented, a number of theoretical tools are introduce

Supercompatibilism and Free Will

There is a fact of the matter about the nature of the human will and whether it can be considered ‘free’. To investigate this fact is attempting to answer what can be termed the metaphysical question of free will (M-question). The M-question is not identical to the problem of free will. ‘The problem of free will’ is often presented as one of two distinct problems (or sometimes a combination of the