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Läkares prat med patienter har analyserats: tre typer av framtoning i läkares möte med patienter
Reviews: Karin Barron: Disability and gender - Autonomy as an indication of adulthood
The risk of radiation-induced neurocognitive impairment and the impact of sparing the hippocampus during pediatric proton cranial irradiation
Background and purpose: Hippocampus is a central component for neurocognitive function and memory. We investigated the predicted risk of neurocognitive impairment of craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and the deliverability and effects of hippocampal sparing. The risk estimates were derived from published NTCP models. Specifically, we leveraged the estimated benefit of reduced neurocognitive impairmen
Doses to head and neck normal tissues for early stage Hodgkin lymphoma after involved node radiotherapy
Purpose To evaluate dose plans for head and neck organs at risk (OARs) for classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients using involved node radiotherapy (INRT) delivered as 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and intensity modulated proton therapy (PT), in comparison to the past mantle field (MF). Materials and methods Data from 37 patients with cervical lymph n
Hippocampal sparing radiotherapy for pediatric medulloblastoma : Impact of treatment margins and treatment technique
Background. We investigated how varying the treatment margin and applying hippocampal sparing and proton therapy impact the risk of neurocognitive impairment in pediatric medulloblastoma patients compared with current standard 3D conformal radiotherapy. Methods. We included 17 pediatric medulloblastoma patients to represent the variability in tumor location relative to the hippocampal region. Trea
Optimizing the radiation therapy dose prescription for pediatric medulloblastoma : Minimizing the life years lost attributable to failure to control the disease and late complication risk
Background. A mathematical framework is presented for simultaneously quantifying and evaluating the trade-off between tumor control and late complications for risk-based radiation therapy (RT) decision-support. To demonstrate this, we estimate life years lost (LYL) attributable to tumor recurrence, late cardiac toxicity and secondary cancers for standard-risk pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) patient
Modeling positioning uncertainties of prostate cancer external beam radiation therapy using pre-treatment data
Purpose To investigate the influence of treatment plan data and image guidance (IG) on positioning uncertainty during prostate cancer (PCa) radiotherapy (RT). Methods Body mass index (BMI), planning target volume (PTV), bladder volume (BV), and rectal cross section area (RCS) were collected for 267 consecutive PCa patients undergoing daily IGRT. Radiographic isocenter corrections to intra-prostati
Improvement in toxicity in high risk prostate cancer patients treated with image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy compared to 3D conformal radiotherapy without daily image guidance
Background: Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) facilitates the delivery of a very precise radiation dose. In this study we compare the toxicity and biochemical progression-free survival between patients treated with daily image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IG-IMRT) and 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) without daily image guidance for high risk prostate cancer (PCa).Methods: A total of 5
Impact of dose to the bladder trigone on long-term urinary function after high-dose intensity modulated radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer
Purpose To determine the potential association between genitourinary (GU) toxicity and planning dose-volume parameters for GU pelvic structures after high-dose intensity modulated radiation therapy in localized prostate cancer patients. Methods and Materials A total of 268 patients who underwent intensity modulated radiation therapy to a prescribed dose of 86.4 Gy in 48 fractions during June 2004-
The impact of leaf width and plan complexity on DMLC tracking of prostate intensity modulated arc therapy
Purpose: Intensity modulated arc therapy (IMAT) is commonly used to treat prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of leaf width and plan complexity on dynamic multileaf collimator (DMLC) tracking for prostate motion management during IMAT treatments. Methods: Prostate IMAT plans were delivered with either a high-definition MLC (HDMLC) or a Millennium MLC (M-MLC) (0.25
Perceived barriers and facilitators to health behaviors in European childhood cancer survivors : A qualitative PanCareFollowUp study
Background: Healthy behaviors, that is, engaging in regular physical activities, maintaining a healthy diet, limiting alcohol consumption, and avoiding tobacco and drug use, decrease the risk of developing late adverse health conditions in childhood cancer survivors. However, childhood cancer survivors may experience barriers to adopting and maintaining healthy behaviors. This study aimed to asses
Proper biharmonic maps and (2,1) -harmonic morphisms from some wild geometries
In this work we construct a variety of new complex-valued proper biharmonic maps and (2, 1)-harmonic morphisms on Riemannian manifolds with non-trivial geometry. These are solutions to a non-linear system of partial differential equations depending on the geometric data of the manifolds involved.
Nostalgia and tourism
For most of the past 300 years, the concept of nostalgia has been regarded as a medical condition. However, since the 1980s, it has become heavily associated with the ‘heritage industry’ and the creation of consumer experiences, especially in a tourism and leisure context. This special issue on nostalgia and tourism aims to encourage and advance the scholarly conversation about the relationship be
Assessing the use of clinical guidelines against domestic violence in southern Sweden : A mixed-methods study
Background and Aim: Domestic violence is a prevalent public health issue. While clinical guidelines and care programs for its identification and handling have been formulated in all administrative regions of Sweden, their degree of implementation is largely unknown. This study aims to assess the implementation of one administrative region's care program, including how it is seen to align with and
Investigating the overlap and predictive validity between Criterion A and B in the alternative model for personality disorders in DSM-5
The Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) consists of level of personality functioning (Criterion A) and maladaptive personality traits (Criterion B). The brief scale versions of these are understudied, while often being used by clinicians and researchers. In this study, we wanted to investigate the overlap and predictive validity of Criterion A and B. Participants (N = 253) wer
Clonal evolution and stereotyped sequences of human IgE lineages in aeroallergen-specific immunotherapy
Background: Allergic disease reflects specific inflammatory processes initiated by interaction between allergen and allergen-specific IgE. Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is an effective long-term treatment option, but the mechanisms by which SIT provides desensitization are not well understood. Objective: Our aim was to characterize IgE sequences expressed by allergen-specific B cells over a 3-year
A new animal product free defined medium for 2D and 3D culturing of normal and cancer cells to study cell proliferation and migration as well as dose response to chemical treatment
Cell culturing methods are increasingly used to reduce and replace the use of live animals in biomedical research and chemical toxicity testing. Although live animals are avoided when using cell culturing methods, they often contain animal-derived components of which one of the most commonly used is foetal bovine serum (FBS). FBS is added to cell culture media among other supplements to support ce
Requirements Engineering for Automotive Perception Systems : An Interview Study
Background: Driving automation systems (DAS), including autonomous driving and advanced driver assistance, are an important safety-critical domain. DAS often incorporate perceptions systems that use machine learning (ML) to analyze the vehicle environment. Aims: We explore new or differing requirements engineering (RE) topics and challenges that practitioners experience in this domain. Method: We
Strength Properties of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
Knowledge of the strength of wood and wood-based materials is an important basis for the calculation and dimensioning of wooden products. This chapter describes the basics of the strength properties, test methods, important influencing parameters (e.g., moisture content, load direction, type of load, duration of load, speed of loading). Phenomenological aspects of failure on various structural lev