Equilibrium fluctuation analysis of single binding events has been used to extract binding kinetics of ligand interactions with cell-membrane bound receptors. Time-dependent total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) imaging was used to extract residence-time statistics of fluorescently stained liposomes derived directly from cell membranes upon their binding to surface-immobilized antibody fra

Background: Exercise facilities may have the potential to promote physical activity among residents, and to support an active lifestyle throughout the year. We investigated the association between objectively assessed availability of exercise facilities and objectively assessed physical activity outcomes, and whether time of year had a modifying effect on these associations. Methods: A total of 2,

Objective: To investigate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers can predict cognitive decline in healthy, elderly individuals as they have been shown to do in cognitively impaired patient samples. Methods: In this study, 57 controls were tested for CSF biomarkers at baseline and then cognitively followed over 3 years. Results: Low levels of baseline beta-amyloid 1 - 42 (A beta 42) were asso

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of cobalamin/folate supplementation on cognitive function in elderly patients with dementia. METHOD: The cobalamin/folate status of the patients was evaluated by measuring plasma homocysteine, serum methylmalonic acid, serum cobalamin and blood folate. Thirty-three patients were studied and repeatedly assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and

We report the case of a 58-year-old man with a giant partially thrombosed anterior communicating artery aneurysm, which presented with mass effect. Our treatment strategy consisted of endovascular aneurysm circulatory exclusion prior to surgical resection. To do so, we first occluded both the two A1 segments and the aneurysm neck with a neck-bridge device to prevent further coil migration within t

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that orchestrate leukocyte trafficking in tissues, thus, playing an important role in regulation of immunological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer with two DNA polymorphisms of the chemokine receptors CCR5-Delta 32 and CCR2-64L The study material consisted of 50 cervi

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical value of human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) compared with free (f) and total (t) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the early detection of prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: In PCa screening conducted in 1995 to 1996 in Goteborg, Sweden, 5853 of 9811 randomly selected men (aged 50 to 66 years; median 61) accepted PSA testing; those with tPSA levels of 3. 0 ng/m

Rapid evolutionary change over a few generations has been documented in natural populations. Such changes are observed as organisms invade new environments, and they are often triggered by changed interspecific interactions, such as differences in predation regimes. However, in spite of increased recognition of antagonistic male-female mating interactions, there is very limited evidence that such

The current study assessed the responses from a survey titled 'Life and Health - Young People 2005', completed by 2878 15-16-year-old adolescents in mainstream schools in the county of Orebro, Sweden. Thirty-nine percent of students with hearing loss (slight, mild, or moderate) and 6% of students with normal hearing reported tinnitus often or always during the past three months. Almost no gender d

Protein phosphorylation is one of the most important and common ways of regulating protein function in cells. However, phosphopeptides are difficult to analyse, ionising poorly under standard MALDI conditions. Several methods have been developed to deal with the low sensitivity and specificity of phosphopeptide analysis. Here, we show an approach using a simple one-step beta-elimination/Michael ad

Antibody-based microarray is a novel technology with great promise in biomedicine that will provide unique means to perform global proteome analysis. In the process of designing the high-density antibody microarrays required, several critical key issues have been identified that remain to be resolved. In particular, there is a great need for specific and selective approaches enabling non-purified

In a genome-wide scan in Scandinavians, we found suggestive linkage between early-onset primary hypertension and a region on chromosome 2. The 2B-adrenoceptor gene, a candidate gene within this region, harbors a functional insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of three glutamate residues. The aim of this study was to investigate if the DD genotype is associated with hypertension in Swedes. We perf

BACKGROUND: Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is an abnormal phospholipid formed in mammalian cells that have been exposed to ethanol. It has been suggested that PEth mediates some of the damaging effects of ethanol on cells. This study was performed to investigate the level of PEth in organs of rats after in vivo alcohol exposure. METHODS: Three exposure models were studied: (1) acute, intraperitoneal i

Traditional ice sheet reconstructions have suggested two distinctly different ice sheet regimes along the East Greenland continental margin during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM): ice to the shelf break south of Scoresby Sund and ice extending no further than to the inner shelf at and north of Scoresby Sund. We report new Be-10 ages from erratic boulders perched at 250 m a.s.l. on the Kap Brewster

A number of Extremely Large Telescopes for visual-infrared and adjacent wavelengths are in various degrees of progress. All have primary mirrors with equivalent diameters larger than 20 m and are intended for operation with adaptive optics systems. We discuss several ELT observing parameters as functions of wavelength. Stellar energy distributions and atomic line spectra are inspected as are the t

Pediobius sasae sp. nov. ( Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is described from Japan. This new species belongs to the "eubius-complex" of species and is compared to the species of that group. It was reared from galls induced by an unidentified gall midge of the tribe Oligotrophini ( Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). The galls are formed on stems of dwarf bamboo (Sasa nipponica). Pediobius sasae is a solitary primar

The 999del5 mutation is the single, strong BRCA2 founder mutation in Iceland and the most common BRCA1/2 founder mutation in Finland. To evaluate the origin and time since spreading of the 999del5 mutation in Iceland and in Finland, we constructed haplotypes with polymorphic markers within and flanking the BRCA2 gene in a set of 18 Icelandic and 10 Finnish 999del5 breast cancer families. All Icela

Organic farming may contribute substantially to future agricultural production worldwide by improving soil quality and pest control, thereby reducing environmental impacts of conventional farming. We investigated in a comprehensive way soil chemical, as well as below and aboveground biological parameters of two organic and two conventional wheat farming systems that primarily differed in fertiliza

The closely related dioecious herbs Silene latifolia and Silene dioica are widespread and predominantly sympatric in Europe. The species are interfertile, but morphologically and ecologically distinct. A study of large-scale patterns of plastid DNA (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) haplotypes in a sample of 198 populations from most of the European ranges of both