Using the information of the microstructure, this paper presents the development of an incremental constitutive law governing the response of an electro-magneto-thermo-mechanical smart composite. In this development, different shapes of reinforcements that have magneto-electro-thermo-elastic properties that differ from the matrix material are considered. Shapes such as ellipsoidal (spherical, prol

Här jämförs författaren Axel Wallengren (Falstaff, fakir) med några kvinnliga skribenter: Anna Myrberg (Svarta Masken), Klara Johanson, Harriet Löwenhjelm och Astrid Lindgren. Stilistisk släktskap och personliga beröringspunkter ger nya perspektiv på Wallengrens särdrag.

The loss of native riparian vegetation and its replacement with non-native species or grazing land for agriculture is a worldwide phenomenon, but one that is prevalent in Europe, reflecting the heavily-modified nature of the continent's landscape. The consequences of these riparian alterations for freshwater ecosystems remain largely unknown, largely because bioassessment has traditionally focused

We present two novel culling tests for rasterization of simultaneous depth of field and motion blur. These tests efficiently reduce the set of xyuvt samples that need to be coverage tested within a screen space tile. The first test finds linear bounds in ut - and vt -space using a separating line algorithm. We also derive a hyperplane in xyuvt - space for each triangle edge, and all samples outside

Environmental enrichment (EE) alleviates sensorimotor deficits after brain infarcts but the cellular correlates are not well-known. This study aimed to test the effects of postischemic EE on neocortical cell genesis. A neocortical infarct was caused by distal ligation of the middle cerebral artery in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats, subsequently housed in standard environment or EE. Bromodeo

Trimellitic anhydride (TMA) is a low molecular weight chemical which can cause occupational asthma. We studied the role of eicosanoids in airway responses to TMA at different times after sensitization in actively sensitized guinea-pigs. Sensitization was performed by two intradermal injections of free TMA (0.1 ml of 0.3% TMA in corn oil). At 3 and 8 weeks after sensitization, the guinea-pigs were

We studied the effect of apatite amendment on ectomycorrhizal (EM) mycelial biomass production and species composition in a phosphorus-poor spruce forest using sand-filled mesh bags. Control and apatite-amended bags were buried in pairs in the lower part of the organic horizon for one growth season. DNA extraction, PCR of the ITS region, cloning and random sequencing were used to examine the funga

BACKGROUND: It is generally argued that variations in cerebral blood flow create concomitant changes in the cerebral blood volume (CBV). Because nitrous oxide (N(2)O) inhalation both increases cerebral blood flow and may increase intracranial pressure, it is reasonable to assume that N(2)O acts as a general vasodilatator in cerebral vessels both on the arterial and on the venous side. The aim of t

In boreal and nemoboreal forests, tree frost hardiness is modified in reaction to cues from day length and temperature. The dehardening processes in Norway spruce, Picea abies, could be estimated to start when the daily mean temperature is above 5 degreesC for 5 days. Bud burst will occur approximately after 120-170 degree-days above 5 degreesC. dependent on genetic differences among provenances.

Boswellic acids are the effective components of gum resin of Boswellia serrata, which has anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies on brain tumors and leukemic cells indicate that boswellic acids may have antiproliferative and apoptotic effects with the mechanisms being not studied in detail. We studied their antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on colon cancer cells and the pathway leading

Using perturbation facilitated infrared-infrared double resonance excitation of the Rb-85(2) molecule, we have observed spectrally resolved fluorescence to the a (3)Sigma(+)(u) state. We have analyzed the rovibrational energy level structure of the Rb-85(2) a (3)Sigma(+)(u) state and derived a multiparameter Morse Long Range (MLR) potential and molecular constants for this state, which can be used

Background: Few studies have focused on the quality of secondary prevention among long-term stroke survivors. This study explores the intensity of medical intervention and the impact of lifestyle and other risk factors on the long-term stroke prognosis in a population-based setting of Swedish individuals with a history of stroke. Methods: A population-based cohort (n = 28,449) in Malmo, Sweden, wa

Participation is about finding consensus in diversity and reflects a normative shift towards multiple-use values that recognise that forest management should blend multiple management objectives into a coherent set of practices. A framework to incorporate interest groups' values and needs into functional forest management systems has yet to be institutionalised in contemporary forest policy and ma

The influence of transverse relaxation on the resonance soliton (2 pi hyperbolic-secant pulse) in solids is considered. It is shown that memory effects can be considered in terms of generalized non-Markovian optical Bloch equations. The equations of self-induced transparency with a memory function are presented. Explicit forms for the first-order effects of this relaxation on the frequency shift a

It is generally recognised that agricultural intensification has lead to simplification of landscape structure, but it has not been clarified if this is a ubiquitous relationship. That is, it has been an open question whether agricultural intensity and landscape simplicity should be regarded as one single or as two separate dimensions. To evaluate this we analysed landscape data in 136 different 1

A delayed rectifier voltage-gated K+ channel (Kv) represents the largest ionic conductance of platelets and megakaryocytes, but is undefined at the molecular level. Quantitative RT-PCR of all known Kv alpha and ancillary subunits showed that only Kv1.3 (KCNA3) is substantially expressed in human platelets. Furthermore, megakaryocytes from Kv1.3-/- mice or from wild-type mice exposed to the Kv1.3 b

We show how radiological images of both single and multi material samples can be simulated using the Monte Carlo simulation tool McXtrace and how these images can be used to make a three dimensional reconstruction. Good numerical agreement between the X-ray attenuation coefficient in experimental and simulated data can be obtained, which allows us to use simulated projections in the linearisation

We investigate various mechanisms contributing to the surface ion distributions in simple and mixed aqueous alkali-halide solutions depending on the total salt concentration, using a combination of photoelectron spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. In simple solutions, the surface enhancement of large polarizable anions is reduced with increasing concentration. In the case of a NaBr/Na