Twin studies on cancer have addressed two general questions, one about the possible carcinogenic effects of twinning and the second about heritable effects of cancer. The first question is answered by comparing the occurrence of cancer in twins to that in singletons; the second is answered in probandwise analysis of monozygotic twins compared to dizygotic twins or siblings. We used the nationwide

Using NMR and Monte Carlo (MC) methods, we investigate the stability and dynamics of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in homogeneous crowding environments, where either bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) or the B1 domain of streptococcal protein G (PGB1) serves as a crowding agent. By NMR, we show that both crowders, and especially BPTI, cause a drastic loss in the overall stability of SOD1 i

Although the existence of a large carbon sink in terrestrial ecosystems is well-established, the drivers of this sink remain uncertain. It has been suggested that perturbations to forest demography caused by past land-use change, management, and natural disturbances may be causing a large component of current carbon uptake. Here we use a global compilation of forest age observations, combined wit

Wind energy is an important field of development for the island of Gotland, Sweden, especially since the island has set targets to generate 100% of its energy from renewable sources by 2025. Due to the variability of wind conditions, energy storage will be an important technology to facilitate the continued development of wind energy on Gotland and ensure a stable and secure supply of electricity.

Heteroleptic iron based complexes bearing the 2,6-bis[3-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene]pyridine motif and a polypridine ligand have been synthesized and characterized in their ground and excited state. This series of complexes includes a first example of a hetero-bimetallic complex connecting an iron N-heterocyclic carbene photosensitizer with a cobalt dimethylglyoxime fragment. Focus i

Background: Frailty is considered highly prevalent among the aging population. Fruit and vegetable intake is associated with positive health outcomes across the life-span; however, the relationship with health benefits among older adults has received little attention. Aim: The aim was to examine if a relationship exists between meal frequency or frequency of vegetable intake and the development of

Pancreatic cancer (PC) has an exceptionally low survival rate and primary prevention strategies are limited. Folate plays an important role in one-carbon metabolism and has been associated with the risk of several cancers, but not consistently with PC risk. We aimed to investigate the association between dietary folate intake and PC risk, using the standardised folate database across 10 European c

Background: Population-based data on the familial risk for vascular tumors are largely lacking. Such data are important for clinical counseling and cancer genetics. Methods: We used the Swedish Family-Cancer Database to calculate standardized incidence ratios for specific subtypes of vascular tumors in offspring using parents as probands. In addition, risks for second cancers were analyzed. Result

Cerebral palsy is the commonest cause of severe childhood disability, the aetiology of which is largely unknown. Data on familial aggregation of cerebral palsy are very limited. We defined familial risks for siblings who were hospitalised because of cerebral palsy in Sweden. A nationwide database for neurological diseases was constructed by linking the Multigeneration Register to the Hospital Disc

The advantage of using nonlamellar lipid liquid crystalline phases has been demonstrated in many applications, such as drug delivery, protein encapsulation and crystallisation. We have recently reported that a mixture of mono- and diglycerides is able to form sponge-like nanoparticles (L 3 -NPs) with large enough aqueous pores to encapsulate macromolecules such as proteins. Here we use small ang

ObjectiveImplementation of patient-reported outcome measures for patients with palliative care needs is characterized by both enablers and barriers. The ways in which healthcare professionals experience the use of assessment tools is important. Our aims were to explore factors contributing to or hindering patients with palliative care needs in assessing their symptoms with the Integrated Palliativ

BACKGROUND: Sacroiliac joint pain is increasingly recognized as a cause of low back pain. We compared the safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive sacroiliac joint arthrodesis using triangular titanium implants and conservative management in patients with chronic sacroiliac joint pain. METHODS: This study was a prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial of adults with chronic sacro

Purpose: Some 10% of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and 80% of attenuated polyposis (AFAP) cases remain molecularly unexplained. We scrutinized such cases by exome-wide and targeted methods to search for novel susceptibility genes. Methods: Exome sequencing was conducted on 40 unexplained (mainly sporadic) cases with FAP or AFAP from Finland. The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene MLH3 (MutL Hom

Familial clustering of a disease is a direct indicator of a possible heritable cause, provided that environmental sharing can be excluded. If the familial clustering is lacking, the likelihood of a heritable influence is also small. In the era of genome scans, the consideration of data on heritability should be important in the assessment of the likely success of the genome scan. The availability

OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed men and women separately by age at hospital diagnosis of psychotic disorder or schizophrenia and by maternal or paternal disease after taking several possible confounders into account.METHODS: The Multigeneration Register, in which all men and women born in Sweden from 1932 onwards are registered together with their parents, was linked to hospital data. This yielded

Familial risk of pancreatic cancer has been mainly assessed through case-control studies based on reported but not medically verified cancers in family members. We used the nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database on 10.2 million individuals and 21,000 pancreatic cancers to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pancreatic cancer in 0- to 66-year-old