Popular Abstract in Swedish Genetisk information lagras i DNA, som är en mycket stabil molekyl. I våra celler finns samma gener i alla celler. Det är därför av yttersta vikt att uttrycket av generna kan regleras olika i olika vävnader. Bakterier, som är encelliga organismer, måste för att kunna överleva noga kontrollera uttrycket av olika gener beroende på växlingar i omgivningen. Jag har studeratGenetic information, which is stored in DNA, is transferred to messenger RNA (mRNA) in a process called transcription. mRNAs are then translated by ribosomes into proteins which, with some important exceptions, catalyze chemical reactions in cells. Since cells must be able to adapt to changes in the environment, mRNAs must be unstable. The present investigation concerns mRNA degradation mainly in

This book presents an economic analysis of the causes and consequences of institutional change in ancient Athens. Focusing on the period 800-300 BCE, it looks in particular at the development of political institutions and taxation, including a new look at the activities of individuals like Solon, Kleisthenes and Perikles and on the changes in political rules and taxation after the Peloponnesian Wa

Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg har gått till eftervärlden som en tysk officer som försökte mörda Adolf Hitler 1944. I "Stauffenberg - en officer och gentleman" är det eftervärldens Stauffenberg som står i centrum, det vill säga hur han sedan 1945 har brukats i Väst-, Öst- och det enade Tyskland.

Theoretical considerations of eye design allow us to find routes along which the optical structures of eyes may have evolved. If selection constantly favours an increase in the amount of detectable spatial information, a light-sensitive patch will gradually turn into a focused lens eye through continuous small improvements of design. An upper limit for the number of generations required for the co

In order to investigate possible effects of exposure to pesticides, mainly fungicides and insecticides, we studied a cohort of 2370 subjects, who, during the period 1965-1982, had been members of a horticulturists' trade association (market gardeners and orchardists). Compared to a regional reference population, total mortality ( 542 deaths; standardized mortality morbidity ratio, SMR = 0.8 ; 95 %

Background. The use of volatile anaesthetics has increased in situations where conventional anaesthetic machines are inadequate or unavailable, for example, cardiac surgery and intensive care. The disposable anaesthetic conserving device, AnaConDaw, allows vaporization of liquid volatile anaesthetics from a syringe pump and rebreathing of exhaled anaesthetic. Clinical use requires understanding of

The scientific knowledge of climate change processes and their worrying future implications for human societies and natural systems has developed considerably during the last decade, but necessary adaptive actions by decision makers have so far been rather limited. There are several causes to this, such as a discrepancy related to the communication between climate scientists and end-users, and the