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Från krog till krog : Svenskt uteätande under 700 år

Restaurangen är en yngling, historiskt sett - den kommer från franskt 1700-tal. Men att äta och dricka på lokal, mot betalning, har svenskar gjort långt innan restaurangen blev populär: så snart det område som skulle bli Sverige började enas och kristnas blev behovet av sådana platser en viktig angelägenhet, både från kungligt och kyrkligt håll. Från medeltidens ölbodar och tavernor, via stormakts

Lär av upphandlingen och ta marknaden i handen

Detta kapitel handlar om marknadskrafter och hur dessa kan användas av offentliga myndigheter, medvetet och effektivt, till gagn för medborgarna och skattebetalarna. Ämnet har i många avseenden blivit politiskt. Marknaden har för en del blivit en frälsning, för andra en förbannelse. Det saknas entydiga empiriska belägg för att en fri marknad genererar ökat välstånd, en avsaknad som effektivt hålle

Breast reconstruction with a dermal sling : a systematic review of surgical modifications

A dermal sling (DS) is used to cover the implant with two layers of tissue when immediate breast reconstruction is performed in women with large and ptotic breasts. It works as an autologous acellular dermal matrix/mesh that can be used to control the implant pocket and inframammary fold, without inferring an extra foreign material and higher costs. There is relatively little published about the D

No title

There is considered a mean square convergence of a stochastic approximation algorithm, are derived, formelas of the asimptotical variances of the solution estimations, which are right for dependent observations as well, is defined optimal consequence of coefficients.

Modeling and Identification of a Nuclear Reactor

Some representative results from modeling and identification experiments on the Halden boiling water reactor (HBWR) in Norway are presented in this chapter. Linear input–output models, as well as time invariant and time variable linear state models, have been used as model structures. The chapter describes the different phases of identification and modeling of a complex dynamical system. Different

The Dissolved Oxygen Profile : A Valuable Tool for Control of the Activated Sludge Process

Control of activated sludge process based on measurement of the dissolved oxygen profile has the distinct advantage of using sensors of proven reliability. These measurements, when coupled with the power of an on-line computer, permit the calculation of important variables which cannot be measured directly. The features of the profile which are of major significance are the position of the maximum

Automatic Control in Wastewater Treatment Plants

Process dynamics and control in biological waste water treatment operations are considered. Particular emphasis has been put on the control of dissolved oxygen and its spatial distribution in activated sludge aerators. It is demonstrated how dissolved oxygen profiles can be used for the estimation of the biodegradable load. Aspects of the control of chemical precipitation are discussed as well.

Modelling the Dynamics of Clarifier Behaviour in Activated Sludge Systems : Proceedings of the 4th IAWPRC Workshop Held in Houston and Denver, U.S.A., 27 April – 4 May 1985

Research was conducted to examine the transient performance of a final settler. Dynamical models of minimal order were derived based on effluent data collected from a pilot scale settler. Parameter values for the models were adjusted until satisfactory fits to the observed data were obtained. Results were compared to select those models with the simplest structures and the ability to predict the m

A Model Library for Dynamic Simulation of Activated Sludge Systems

Research has been performed model the dynamics of different kinds of wastewater treatment systems. Plant models are built up from standard modules of subprocesses. Available model knowledge has been packaged into suitable software modules and a library of simulation models has been created. The paper describes this library and the kind of simulations that can be performed.

Maximal haemostatic effect is attained in porcine skin within 7 minutes of the administration of a local anaesthetic together with epinephrine, refuting the need for a 30-minute waiting time

Objective Based on clinical experience gained over many years, the maximal haemostatic effect following administration of local anaesthetics containing epinephrine is generally believed to occur within 10 minutes. Surprisingly, it was found in a recent study, in which bleeding was quantified intraoperatively, that maximal haemostasis did not occur until 30 minutes. If this is indeed the case, the

State of the Art in Sewage Treatment Plant Control

In this survey the state of the art of wastewater treatment system control is presented. Instrumentation, dynamical models, and identification applications are reviewed. Current practice in control is described, and computerization of wastewater treatment plants is discussed. Biological treatment systems have been emphasized. The interactions between unit processes and between the sewage treatment