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Electrophysiological and behavioral responses to chocolate volatiles in both sexes of the pyralid moths Ephestia cautella and Plodia interpunctella

Volatiles from chocolate mediate upwind flight behavior in Ephestia cautella and Plodia interpunctella. We used gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection and found 12 active compounds derived from three different chocolate types, i.e., plain, nut-containing, and rum-flavored. Eight of the compounds were identified with mass spectrometry, and the activity of three compounds, ethyl van

Electrocatalytic oxidation of NADH at carbon paste electrodes modified with Meldola Blue adsorbed on zirconium phosphate: effect of Ca2+ and polyethyleneimine

The basic electrochemistry of carbon paste electrodes modified with Meldola Blue adsorbed on zirconium phosphate (MB-ZP-CPEs) and their ability to oxidize NADH have been investigated. Three types of carbon powder (graphite and glassy carbon-type Sigradur K and G) were used to obtain MB-ZP-CPEs. On comparing cyclic voltammograms recorded at MB-ZP-CPEs, similarly prepared from the three different ca

Genetic differentiation and postglacial migration of the Dactylorhiza majalis ssp traunsteineri/lapponica complex into Fennoscandia

Eight variable regions (microsatellites, insertion/deletion and duplication regions) from the plastid DNA genome were analyzed for 91 populations belonging to Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. traunsteineri and closely related taxa. A total of 36 composite plastid haplotypes were found. The two dominating haplotypes had a clear geographic distribution suggesting at least two separate immigration routes in

The Crown as a corporate brand: Insights from Monarchies

Introduction In an age when brands have seized the imagination of so many, the corporate landscape has become a brandscape. Recently, corporate branding has emerged as an important agenda item for many senior executives. Brands are viewed as a significant corporate asset. The corporate brand is viewed as an important profile builder for corporations. It is seen as an invaluable tool for attracting

Colonisation and molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the aquatic plants Littorella uniflora and Lobelia dortmanna in southern Sweden

The colonisation intensity and composition of the mycorrhizal community in the aquatic plants Lobelia dortmanna and Littorella uniflora were studied. The mycorrhizal fungi were characterised by fungal specific nested PCR and sequencing using the 5'-end of the LSU rDNA as target. For this, primers for the clade of Acaulospora, the clade including Glomus mosseae and G. intraradices and the clade con

Systematics and phylogeography of the Dactylorhiza maculata complex (Orchidaceae) in Scandinavia: insights from cytological, morphological and molecular data

Flow cytometry, morphometry and molecular markers [plastid DNA and internal transcribed spacers(ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA] were used to determine taxonomic and phylogeographic patterns in Dactylorhiza maculata s.l. from Scandinavia. A total of 238 individuals from 27 populations from throughout all of Scandinavia, including the adjacent Kola Peninsula of Russia, were analyzed. Diploid D. macul

Late Holocene effective precipitation variations in the maritime regions of south-west Scandinavia

At present, the climate in south-west Scandinavia is predominantly controlled by westerlies carrying moist Atlantic air, which forms a main source of precipitation in all seasons. Past variations in the ratio between precipitation and evaporation (effective precipitation) from terrestrial sites, however, may indicate changes in the degree of maritime influence. Palaeoclimatic archives in this regi

Blueprints in Sweden. Symptom load in Swedish adolescents in studies of Functional Family Therapy (FFT), Multisystemic Therapy (MST) and Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC).

The purpose of the present study was to compare symptom load in youth groups treated with three Swedish Blueprint programmes - Functional Family Therapy (FFT), Multisystemic Therapy (MST) and Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC) - to see if symptom load matches the intensity of the treatment model as expected. These youth groups were also compared with in- and outpatients from child and a

Maternal transfer of antibodies in vertebrates: trans-generational effects on offspring immunity.

Maternal effects by which females provide their offspring with non-genetic factors such as hormones, nutrients and antibodies can have an important impact on offspring fitness. In vertebrates, maternal antibodies (matAb) are transferred from the mother, via the placenta, egg yolk or milk during lactation to offspring until they are 2 weeks (birds), 4-10 weeks (rodents) and 9 months (humans) old, r

Gene expression profiling demonstrates that TGF-{beta}1 signals exclusively through receptor complexes involving Alk5 and identifies targets of TGF-{beta} signaling.

Transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β) regulates cellular functions like proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. On the cell surface, TGF-β binds to receptor complexes consisting of TGF-β receptor type II (Tβ RII) and activin-like kinase receptor-5 (Alk5), and the downstream signaling is transduced by Smad and MAPK proteins. Recent data have shown that alternative receptor combinations asid

Trifluoroethanol-induced beta -> alpha transition in beta-lactoglobulin: hydration and cosolvent binding studied by 2H, 17O, and 19F magnetic relaxation dispersion.

Alcohols, such as 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), have been shown to induce a cooperative transition to an open helical structure in many proteins, but the underlying molecular mechanism has not been identified. Here, we employ the technique of magnetic relaxation dispersion (MRD) to study the TFE-induced transition of -lactoglobulin at pH 2.4. Unlike traditional techniques that focus on protein sec

A modified ELISA for improved detection of IgA, IgG, and IgM anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies in celiac disease

Background: Serum IgA antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (tTG) are reliable markers for celiac disease (CD), still the diagnostic performance of anti-tTG immunoassays can be improved. A novel ELISA, using fibronectin (FN) as tTG binding protein, was evaluated for the detection of anti-tTG antibodies in CD. Methods: Sera from 173 children with untreated CD and 97 controls were analyzed for

Size dependent fragmentation of argon clusters in the soft x-ray ionization regime.

Photofragmentation of argon clusters of average size ranging from 10 up to 1000 atoms is studied using soft x-ray radiation below the 2p threshold and multicoincidence mass spectroscopy technique. For small clusters (N=10), ionization induces fast fragmentation with neutral emission imparting a large amount of energy. While the primary dissociation takes place on a picosecond time scale, the fragm

Detection of short lived radioisotopes as a fast diagnostic for intense laser-solid interactions

As a diagnostic of high-intensity laser interactions (> 10(19) W cm(-2)), the detection of radioactive isotopes is regularly used for the characterization of proton, neutron, ion, and photon beams. This involves sample removal from the interaction chamber and time consuming post shot analysis using NaI coincidence counting or Ge detectors. This letter describes the use of in situ detectors to meas

Significant others of persons with mental health problems: The testing of a questionnaire on the burden of significant others

The importance of family and friends for patients with mental health problems has been recognized over the past few years. Significant others (SO) of patients admitted to a psychiatric ward specializing in affective disorders and suicide prevention filled in a self-rating questionnaire concerning their burden as SOs, the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire (IEQ). The aims of this study were twofo

The structure and function of the vegetative mycelium of ectomycorrhizal plants .3. Ultrastructural and autoradiographic analysis of inter-plant carbon distribution through intact mycelial systems

Plants of Pinus sylvestris L. were grown in mycorrhizal association with Suillus bovinus (Fr.) O. Kuntze in observation chambers until an interconnecting mycelial network had developed between the seedlings. The shoot of an individual seedling was then sealed in a perspex cuvette and exposed to 14CO2. After incubation for 48 h, the 'donor' shoot was removed and components of the mycelial network a

Combustion process in a biomass grate fired industry furnace: a CFD study

This paper presents a CFD investigation of the combustion process in a 50 MW grate fired furnace. The CFD results were compared with available experimental data at the furnace Outlet to validate the models for the volatile oxidation and NOx formation. The models were then used to predict the effect of a 'ECO' tube system on NOx emissions. It was shown that with an improved flow structure and air d

Influences of Family Based Prerequisites, Reading Attitude, and Self-Regulation on Reading Ability

This study investigated the effect of self-regulated learning, as indicated by academic self-concept, motivation and learning strategies, reading attitude and family based prerequisites on reading ability. Students (n=4018) in the eighth grade answered the IEA reading literacy test, the self-regulated learning questionnaire and a student questionnaire about their background. The exploratory factor