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Quantifying the hierarchy of structural and mechanical length scales in granular systems

Continuum modeling of granular media is made possible by the existence of a length scale at and above which grain-resolved properties can be meaningfully homogenized. Progress has been made in identifying such length scales relevant to local structural properties such as porosity. However, a systematic analysis of scales above which different mechanical properties can be homogenized has yet to eme

Inferring transmission dynamics from HIV-1 genealogies

With a national prevalence of 4.9% in the adult population, the HIV-1 epidemic in Kenya is the fifth largest in the world. HIV-1 prevalence is more than three-fold higher among HIV key populations – including men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWID), and female sex workers (FSW) than in the general heterosexual (HET) population. However, the contribution of different risk gr

Contesting Covid: The ideological bases of partisan responses to the Covid-19 pandemic

How do political parties respond to external shocks? Using an original survey of political parties across Europe conducted in June 2020 and Chapel Hill Expert Survey (CHES) data on partisan ideological positioning, we argue that the pre-existing ideological stances of Europe’s political parties shaped their response to emerging Covid- 19 policy issues, including the tension between economic normal

Växternas förhållande till aluminium

Hur klarar växterna av världens vanligaste metalliska grundämne, nämligen aluminium? Mycket av världens samlade kunskap om hur aluminium påverkar våxter kommer fån tebusken, men både tomtskräppa och mattlummer samlarpå sig aluminiumjoner. Följ med på en biokemisk resa i växternas värld!

Is this time different? : Social capability and catch-up growth in Ethiopia, 1950–2020

This paper explores whether Ethiopia's rapid economic growth is transformative enough for the country to eventually catch up with high-income countries. It does so by exploring the change and continuity of four elements of social capability from 1950 to 2020: structural transformation, economic inclusion and the state's autonomy and accountability. It finds that Ethiopia's social capability modestThis paper explores whether Ethiopia's rapid economic growth is transformative enough for the country to eventually catch up with high-income countries. It does so by exploring the change and continuity of four elements of social capability from 1950 to 2020: structural transformation, economic inclusion and the state's autonomy and accountability. It finds that Ethiopia's social capability modest

Den unge lejonhanne som röt men aldrig flög : Om ett israeliskt stridsflygplan och de lärdomar det kan förmedla till Gripen

Anmälan av boken "Lavi. The United States, Israel, and a Controversial Fighter Jet" av John W Golan (Lincoln NE: Potomac Books | University of Nebraska Press, 2016; ISBN 978-1-61234-722-6)Review of the book entitled "Lavi. The United States, Israel, and a Controversial Fighter Jet" by John W. Golan (Lincoln NE: Potomac Books | University of Nebraska Press, 2016; ISBN 978-1-61234-722-6)

Polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase (PhaC) : The key enzyme for biopolyester synthesis

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are considered good candidates in replacing commercial petrochemical plastics in certain applications like single-use packaging since they are biodegradable, biocompatible and share similar properties with conventional plastics. PHA synthase (PhaC) is the key enzyme in PHA biosynthesis. There are four classes of PhaC, namely, class I, class II, class III and class IV,

Long-Read Sequencing Reveals Genetic Adaptation of Bartonella Adhesin A Among Different Bartonella henselae Isolates

Bartonella henselae is the causative agent of cat scratch disease and other clinical entities such as endocarditis and bacillary angiomatosis. The life cycle of this pathogen, with alternating host conditions, drives evolutionary and host-specific adaptations. Human, feline, and laboratory adapted B. henselae isolates often display genomic and phenotypic differences that are related to the express

Train Passes and Dwell Time Delays

Traffic on railways is increasing and this makes train traffic to be highly interconnected . This paper investigates how passing of train affects dwell time delays in Sweden. Three scenarios are considered by combining the scheduled and actual operations: passes that happened as scheduled, unscheduled passes that happened in operations, and scheduled passes that were cancelled. A logistic regressi

Passenger flows and dwell times for commuter trains in Stockholm

This study investigates how the volume and flow of passengers affect dwell times, usingdata from commuter trains in Stockholm. We show that dwell times often take longer thanscheduled and that most station stops involve rather limited numbers of passengers.Improving the performance at these stops with small volumes can thus have a sizeableimpact on the overall on-time performance. We find a quadraThis study investigates how the volume and flow of passengers affect dwell times, using data from commuter trains in Stockholm. We show that dwell times often take longer than scheduled and that most station stops involve rather limited numbers of passengers. Improving the performance at these stops with small volumes can thus have a sizeable impact on the overall on-time performance. We find a qu

New Insights into the Interaction of Class II Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenases with Ubiquinone in Lipid Bilayers as a Function of Lipid Composition

The fourth enzymatic reaction in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, the oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate, is catalyzed by dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). Enzymes belonging to the DHODH Class II are membrane-bound proteins that use ubiquinones as their electron acceptors. We have designed this study to understand the interaction of an N-terminally truncated human DHODH (HsΔ29DHODH) an

Computer simulation of spontaneous speech

This paper pinpoints some of the problems faced when a computer text production model (COMMENTATOR) is to produce spontaneous speech, in particular the problem of chunking the utterances in order to get natural prosodic units. The paper proposes a buffer model which allows the accumulation and delay of phonetic material until a chunk of the desired size has been built up. Several phonetic studies

The Forward Physics Facility: Sites, Experiments, and Physics Potential

The Forward Physics Facility (FPF) is a proposal to create a cavern with the space and infrastructure to support a suite of far-forward experiments at the Large Hadron Collider during the High Luminosity era. Located along the beam collision axis and shielded from the interaction point by at least 100 m of concrete and rock, the FPF will house experiments that will detect particles outside the acc