An improved non-dominated sorting biogeography-based optimization algorithm for multi-objective land-use allocation: a case study in Kigali-Rwanda
With the continuous increase of rapid urbanization and population growth, sustainable urban land-use planning is becoming a more complex and challenging task for urban planners and decision-makers. Multi-objective land-use allocation can be regarded as a complex spatial optimization problem that aims to achieve the possible trade-offs among multiple and conflicting objectives. This paper proposes
