Tillämpningen av Genèvekonventionen i flyktingmottagande länder har kritiserats av internationell doktrin inom mänskliga rättigheter för att utgå från en manlig norm och ignorera de kränkningar som kvinnor utsätts för då de utspelar sig i den privata sfären. Kvinnors förföljelse har inte samma orsaker och tar inte alltid samma form som mäns, varför de kan ha svårare att få gehör för sina skyddsbehThe determination of refugee status within the scope of the 1951 Geneva Convention on Refugee Status is traditionally carried out within a framework of male experiences. The claims of female asylum-seekers are often based on gender-related persecution and thus will not fit the profile of a convention refugee. As the gendered bias of the historical interpretation of the Geneva Convention is increas

One of the most important concepts in condensed matter physics is that of ``quasi particles''. The exciton is one such quasi particle. In semi-conductors, excitons are formed by the excitation of electrons from valence band to conduction band, which creates holes in the valence band. Because of the Coulomb force, the electron and the hole are attracted to each other and can form a ``hydrog

Den här kandidatuppsatsen handlar om graffitin och gatukonsten och syftet är att använda visuell antropologi för att undersöka hur dessa fenomen tar sig plats i samhället men också hur den omvandlar och konstruerar plats och arenor i det urbana. Mina huvudfrågor är; Vad innebär de visuella fenomen som brukar beskrivas som gatukonst och graffiti och hur kan dessa förstås och tolkas ur ett visuellt

China’s economic development since the beginning of the reform in 1978 has been impressive. Regardless of China’s poor financial banking system and lack of legal enforcements, the growth of Chinese firms makes China’s GDP one of the fastest growing in the world. This paper endeavors to answer the question of formal financial system or its counterpart the alternative informal finance are associated

New Technology-Based Firms (NTBFs) contribute greatly to the development and construction of their nations‟ economies. Therefore their creation, survival and growth have become a major focus for policy. Science parks as actors within regional innovation systems can be suitable tools to carry out this objective. This paper investigated whether the type of science park has any effect on performance

This paper was a case-study example of ISTDP - Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy. The object was to illustrate how the Central Dynamic Sequence is outlined and made up of specific interventions by giving clinical vignettes from a videotaped ISTDP-therapy given once a week for ten weeks with a depressed woman. Before and after the treatment the patient completed two self-report questionnai

Renewable energy (RE) progress in the Middle East and North Africa has been varied, and is affected by multiple factors. This thesis investigates the current status of RE for 13 countries in the Arab region. An initial hypothesis proposes that price is not the only or main driver. Literature and interviews with participants from Arab government, regulators, funding partners, and industry inform to

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Cellerna i kroppen speciella cellmembran som består till största delen av protein och lipider och kolhydrater. Det finns flera sorts lipider, de består av en huvudgrupp som kan ha olika laddning och som är hydrofil, vilket innebär att den är vatten älskande samt en eller flera kolsvansar som är hydrfoba, det vill säga, ogillar vatten. Dessa lipiderna kommer organThe purpose of this study was to understand cardiolipins behavior in different pH: 5.5, 7 and 9. Cardiolipins miscibility in other bilayers as 1,2-dimyrilstoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) were also studied. The instrument used in this study was a differential scanning calorimetry. The conclusions that could be drawn from the scans were tha

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Aerosoler är små partiklar i luften. Partiklarna är uppbyggda av föreningar som kommer från till exempel bilavgaser eller vedeldning. Föreningarna kan också bildas på naturlig väg i växter och avges då främst sommartid. Smog i storstäder är ett tydligt exempel där höga koncentrationer av aerosoler orsakar både försämrad sikt och hälsorisker. En del av aerosolparIn this study 12 organics acids that are common in aerosols were analyzed. Of them there were seven aliphatic dicarboxylic acids (C3-C9). Also pinonic acid, pinic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid were analyzed. All the 19 samples were taken at Vavihill background station at Söderåsen between 2009-12-13 and 2010-11-03. The samples were collected with a PM10-sampler on qu

The following work presents a theoretical model for evaluating the eective correlation time, e, in regards to surfactants in lamellar phase, by focusing on nuclear spin relaxation processes. The dynamics of the C-H bonds is studied through a specic form of the autocorrelation function, g( ), which undergoes a plateau region at intermediate time-scales equals to the square of the order parameter, S

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Microgelpartiklar är runda partiklar som har förmågan att ändra storlek beroende på olika yttre påverkan. I detta projekt har vi tittat på partiklar som blir upp till 10 gånger mindre när temperaturen höjs från 15˚C till 39˚C. Detta beror på att det nätverk som partiklarna är uppbyggda börjar ogilla lösningsmedlet när temperaturen höjs och hellre vill vara nära sMicrogel particles have been widely investigated for their ability to undergo a volume phase transition due to different stimuli such as solvent quality, pH or salt addition. Their ability to reversibly change their size and thus the volume fraction makes them suitable to perform thorough studies on intra and inter‐particle interactions and various phase transitions. In this research work we show

In this thesis a bridge with main girders of steel and a bridge deck made out of glulam is studied. The bridge is compared with an existing composite bridge built in Kalix, Sweden. Initially both bridge solutions are presented and some detail descriptions is presented for the bridge with the glulam deck. A short description of the finite element method is given together with the main equations for

A stress ribbon bridge is a kind of suspension bridge, which finds its roots in a very old bridge type, namely the rope bridge. Compared to a rope bridge, the stress ribbon bridge has a reinforced concrete slab. This has bending rigidity and significant weight, which eliminates the flexibility that is typical of rope bridges and provides stability and rigidity such that the bridge also can be used

In this exam paper the question of the meaning of 1 Cor 7:36-38 is addressed, a passage containing one case in which marriage is recommended and one in which it is not. To answer the question linguistic, literary and historical analyses are performed within the framework of an evaluation of eight proposed interpretations of the passage. In the first interpretation, labeled (A), the unspecified mal

How is violence percieved? How society and the legal system perceive violence is the key issue in this essay. In court there are different people that all have their own view of how they percieved the violence presentad in the case. The meaning of the used violence and the impact on the target is experienced differently depending on wich role each person take in the violence. Since the experience