Context: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are noncoding RNAs that post- transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Their altered expression and function have been observed in most urologic cancers. MiRNAs represent potential disease biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets. Objective: To review and evaluate the evidence implicating miRNAs in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa), bladder cancer (BCa), and r

Climate change poses risk for natural and human systems in Africa. Increasing temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns is likely to affect agriculture, pastoralism and forestry. Mitigation of increasing atmospheric concentration of CO2 through soil carbon sequestration in semi-arid ecosystems may be beneficial to soil properties and cultivation. This paper describes and discusses soil ca

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Background: In this prospective study, mentally disordered perpetrators of severe violent and/or sexual crimes were followed through official registers for 59 (range 8 to 73) months. The relapse rate in criminality was assessed, compared between offenders sentenced to prison versus forensic psychiatric care, and the predictive ability of various risk factors (criminological, clinical, and of struc

This study examines how survival strategies of homeless people in St. Petersburg, Russia, have been affected by “roll back” and “roll out” patterns of neoliberalism. The chaotic transition to market economy after 1990 caused widespread poverty, but it also provided opportunities that allowed the most marginalized people to carve out niches to exist. Outdoor markets, railway stations, and other pla

Popular Abstract in Swedish För cirka 1,8 miljarder år sedan, medan Skandinaviens urberg var under uppbyggnad, kristalliserade en järnrik magma till ett mörkt bergartskomplex av bergarterna gabbro och diorit. Denna magma hade bildats genom delvis uppsmältning av manteln under den dåvarande kontinentkanten, transporterats flera tiotals kilometer uppåt genom sprickor i jordskorpan och på vägen upp dThe Kleva Ni-Cu sulphide deposit is situated within a gabbro-diorite intrusive complex in southeast Sweden. The basement north of the intrusive complex is dominated by 1.81–1.77 Ga granites of the Palaeoproterozoic Transscandinavian Igneous Belt (TIB). Slightly older (1.83–1.82 Ga) rocks of the Oskarshamn Jönköping Belt, which hosts numerous syngenetic and epigenetic base metal mineralisations, oc

Popular Abstract in Swedish Blodcirkulationens uppgift är att förse kroppens vävnader med näringsämnen, vätska och syre, samt att transportera bort slaggprodukter från energiomsättningen. Hörnstenen i detta utbyte mellan vävnader och cirkulation är kapillärerna, kroppens minsta och tunnaste blodkärl, som består av ett enda lager sammanhängande celler. Mellanrummen mellan cellerna är mer eller mindIn sepsis, after major surgery or severe trauma, the human body may suffer from various degrees of generalized inflammation, a syndrome called Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). One feature of SIRS is increased capillary permeability, caused by disruption of the capillary endothelium due to e.g. bacterial toxins, cytokines, pro-inflammatory hormones and free oxygen radicals. This will

About 7000 concrete bridges in Sweden were built before 1965. The annual cost for maintenance of these bridges is about 0.6% of their total value. The cooling water tunnels at Swedish nuclear power plants have been exposed to seawater for about 30-40 years. The maintenance cost for these tunnels has been evaluated to be about one billion Swedish kronor. It is important to evaluate the risk of corr

Background: Fruit and vegetable consumption might prevent weight gain through their low energy density and high dietary fiber content. Objective: We assessed the association between the baseline consumption of fruit and vegetables and weight change in participants from 10 European countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Design: Diet was as

Geological data on the Precambrian basic complexes of the Siberian Craton and their isotopic age are considered. The three main episodes of Precambrian basic magmatism of Siberia correspond to certain stages of the geodynamic evolution of the craton and the Earth as a whole. In the Late Paleoproterozoic, largely in the south and the north of the craton, the basic rocks were emplaced against the ba

The first step of aquifer parameter and dependent variable estimation based on hydraulic modeling is generally to choose the best steady-state condition for the set time period. In order to define the best estimated hydraulic conductivity and boundary condition for Gareh-Bygone Plain in arid southern Iran, ten different steady-state conditions were simulated and calibrated with limited field obser

Measuring pilot mental workload can be important for understanding cognitive demands during flight involving unusual movements and attitudes. Data on heart rate, eye movements, EEG, and subjective ratings from 7 flight instructors were collected for a flight including a repeated aerobatics sequence. Heart rate data and subjective ratings showed that aerobatic sequences produced the highest levels

The overall aims of this work were to investigate if Deep Brain Stimulation in the subthalamic nuclei (STN) affected balance, fear of falling and falls in people with Parkinson's disease. The effect of STN stimulation alone was investigated in Papers I, II and III. The participants were evaluated after an overnight withdrawal of anti-PD medication and with the STN stimulation turned off and on. F

Inappropriate surface expression of voltage-gated Ca(2+)channels (CaV) in pancreatic ß-cells may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. First, failure to increase intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations at the sites of exocytosis impedes insulin release. Furthermore, excessive Ca(2+) influx may trigger cytotoxic effects. The regulation of surface expression of CaV channels in the pancreatic

Popular Abstract in Swedish Resultatet efter en höftprotesoperation är otvetydigt gott med smärtfrihet och god funktion ofta livet ut hos de flesta. 2012 opererades i Sverige cirka 16000 patienter med höftprotes och siffran stiger. 3-4% av patienterna drabbas av en proteslossning under de första tio åren och behöver opereras om, en så kallad revision. Den gamla protesen avlägsnas då och ersätts meThe clinical success of primary hip replacement is paramount but the need for revisions will continue to increase due to the increasing number of operated individuals. In Sweden, the number of hip revisions in 2012 exceeded 2,300. During implant loosening, some of the bone in the femur is lost, which can make the revision more difficult. One way of handling bone loss has been the impaction techniq

Free radical polymerization of DMAAm (dimethylacrylamide)-co-PEG diacrylate in a semi-frozen aqueous solution was studied using H-1 NMR, which enables to monitor the non-frozen water as well as the reaction of monomers over time. It was possible to confirm the presence of a heterogeneous system with a liquid phase where the monomers were concentrated and the reaction proceeded. The resulting macro