Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global public health challenge. Whilst the advent of genome-wide association studies has identified >400 genetic variants associated with T2D, our understanding of its biological mechanisms and translational insights is still limited. The EPIC-InterAct project, centred in 8 countries in the European Prospective Investigations into Cancer and Nutrition study, is one of th

We analyze the size evolution of pebbles accreted into the gaseous envelope of a protoplanet growing in a protoplanetary disk, taking into account collisions driven by the relative sedimentation speed as well as the convective gas motion. Using a simple estimate of the convective gas speed based on the pebble accretion luminosity, we find that the speed of the convective gas is higher than the sed

Bees exemplify flights under bright sunlight. A few species across bee families have evolved nocturnality, displaying remarkable adaptations to overcome limitations of their daylight-suited apposition eyes. Phase inversion to nocturnality in a minority of bees that co-exist with diurnal bees provides a unique opportunity to study ecological benefits that mediate total temporal niche shifts. While

For the class of Hardy spaces and standard weighted Bergman spaces of the unit disk, we prove that the spectrum of a generalized Cesàro operator Tg is unchanged if the symbol g is perturbed to g+h by an analytic function h inducing a quasi-nilpotent operator Th⁠, that is, spectrum of Th equals {0}⁠. We also show that any Tg operator that can be approximated in the operator norm by an operator Th w

This thesis presents the study of a position-sensitive scintillation-based detector called the Solid-State Neutron Detector (SoNDe). SoNDe is being developed for cold- and thermal-neutron detection at the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) instrument SKADI at the European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. The response of the detector scintillator, multi-anod

We document that a high level of natural productivity of the ocean - a rich bounty of the sea - has had a positive and persistent impact on economic development since pre-industrial times until today. In addition, we document that it is the bounty of the sea of the ancestors of current populations which drives the persistent effect, not geography per se. We argue that an explanation is that a rich

This paper studies the cultural causes and consequences of mass emigration from Scandinavia in the 19th century. I test the hypothesis that people with individualistic traits were more likely to emigrate, because they faced lower costs of leaving established social networks behind. Data from population censuses and passenger lists confirm this hypothesis. Children who grew up in households with no

Recension av Anna Pavlenko & Per Enerud: Ett fruktansvärda skräckvälde råder i Ryssland. Ryska revolutionen i svensk diplomatisk rapportering 1917-1919

Background: No previous paediatric study has evaluated the frequency of diagnostic disagreement between clinical standard histopathological assessment (CSHA) and retrospective, independent, histopathological assessment (RIHA) of gastrointestinal Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GI-GVHD). Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, based on gastrointestinal biopsies collected from allogeneic HSCT-treated c

Madsen et al. show substantial long term (26 years) population demography and genetic benefits of genetic rescue of an initially inbred adder (Vipera berus) population. A post-rescue genetic bottleneck did not affect population genetic diversity. To be successful large numbers of novel alleles should be introduced into the focal population.

Experiencing symptoms after heart transplantation may hamper the heart recipient’s self-management which can lead to negative effects. We know little about symptom occurrence and distress after heart transplantation, especially in relation to sociodemographic variables. The aim of the study was to explore self-reported symptom occurrence and distress after heart transplantation and their relations

Increased cancer risks are well documented in adult organ transplant recipients. However, the spectrum of malignancies and risk in the pediatric organ transplant population are less well described. We identified all solid organ transplanted patients aged

We investigated whether tobacco use causes cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) in a large cohort study with complete and long-term follow-up. A total of 756 incident cases occurred in a cohort of 337,311 men during a 30-year follow-up period, but no association was found between any kind of smoking tobacco use and CSCC risk, nor any risk change with increasing dose, duration or time since smo

OBJECTIVES: Cancer survival rates vary widely between European countries, with differences in timeliness of diagnosis thought to be one key reason. There is little evidence on the way in which different healthcare systems influence primary care practitioners' (PCPs) referral decisions in patients who could have cancer.This study aimed to explore PCPs' diagnostic actions (whether or not they perfor

AIM: To describe further functional deficiencies of neonatal neutrophils by measuring the expression of C5a receptors.METHODS: C5a uptake was measured using flow cytometry with fluorescein isothiocynate labelled recombinant C5a. The response of neutrophils to stimulation with C5a and fMLP was tested by measuring migration and exocytosis of myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin.RESULTS: C5a mean fluoresc

Background: Glucose is a routine emergency sample. General guidelines for inpatient hyperglycemia are scarce, except in myocardial infarction, stroke, and perioperative/ICU. Previous studies found admission glucose associated with increased mortality in specific conditions. Scandinavian data, and for general patients, are scarcer. We investigated admission glucose levels, 30-day mortality, and len