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The high Q-factor (low bandwidth) and low efficiency make the design of small antennas challenging. Here, convex optimization is used to determine current distributions that give upper bounds on the antenna performance. Optimization formulations for maximal gain Q-factor quotient, minimal Q-factor for superdirectivity, and minimum Q for given far-field are presented. The effects of antennas embedd
The use of Commercial-off-the-Shelf (COTS) software has become more and more important in state-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice software and system development. The use of COTS software promises faster time-to-market, reduced development cost, increased productivity, and the possibility for companies to focus on their own core competencies. At the same time COTS software raises risks such as
Objectives. At the request of the European Commission and in the framework of the European Machinery Directive, research was conducted jointly in five different laboratories to develop specifications for surface temperature limit values for the gripping and handling of cold items. Methods. Four hundred and fourteen experiments were run where male and female subjects were invited to grip for up to
This paper presents a study on how climate conditions at numerous locations in Sweden affect the risk of onset of mould on wood sheltered outdoors. The results indicate that the risk is clearly higher in the south compared to the north of Sweden. These differences are mainly explained by colder and dryer winter periods in the north which is unfavorable for development of mould. The results also sh
En aspekt som kommit bort i diskussionen efter EG-domstolens dom i Silhouette-fallet var påståendet att Silhouette hade infört någon form av reexportförbud i sitt avtal med den bulgariske köparen. Silhouettes agent i Bulgarien hävdade att så var fallet, men de närmare omständigheterna kring försäljningen blev aldrig klarlagda. Frågan lyftes inte heller fram i den österrikiska domstolens begäran om
This paper presents an architecture of an auto-correlator for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing systems. The received signal is quantized to only the sign-bit, which dramatically simplifies the frequency offset estimation. Hardware cost is reduced under the assumption that synchronization during acquisition does not have to be very accurate, but sufficient for coarse estimation. The archi
