The barrier function of the skin mainly relies on its outermost layer, the stratum corneum (SC), which is a lipid-protein composite biomaterial. In addition, SC contains a mixture of small polar compounds, the natural moisturizing factor (NMF). Most of the NMF components are solid at ambient relative humidities (RHs). We herein raise the question of what the effects of adding a mixture of chemical

Sweden aspires to become ‘the best in the world at utilizing the opportunities of digitalization’ and is internationally recognized for its digital performance. Education has been identified as instrumental for the digital transformation of Swedish society, and efforts are made to accelerate the digitalization of the educational system. As governments’ demands for digitalization get increasingly l

In this paper, the flame-wall interaction of reacting diesel spray under engine like conditions is investigated using large eddy simulations. The aim of this study is to understand the influence of the distance between the wall and the spray nozzle on the air entrainment rate, which is a key variable in formation/oxidation process of soot. Three experimental cases are investigated, a free jet case

There are several key unsolved issues relating to the clinical use of next generation sequencing, such as: should laboratories report variants of uncertain significance (VUS) to clinicians and/or patients? Should they reinterpret VUS in response to growing knowledge in the field? And should patients be recontacted regarding such results? We systematically analyzed 58 consent forms in English used

Trade-offs between absorption and scattering cross sections of lossy obstacles confined to an arbitrarily shaped volume are formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem solvable by Lagrangian-dual methods. Solutions to this optimization problem yield a Pareto-optimal set, the shape of which reveals the feasibility of achieving simultaneously extremal absorption and scattering. Two forms of

Objective: To develop a minimum core data set for evaluation of acute limb ischaemia (ALI) revascularisation treatment and outcomes that would enable collaboration among international registries. Methods: A modified Delphi approach was used to achieve consensus among international multidisciplinary vascular specialists and registry members of the International Consortium of Vascular Registries (IC

Background: Bococizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and reduces levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of bococizumab in patients at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: In two parallel, multinational trials with different entry criteria for LDL cholesterol levels, we randomly

Natural history collections constitute an enormous wealth of information of Life on Earth. It is estimated that over 2 billion specimens are preserved at institutions worldwide, of which less than 10% are accessible via biodiversity data aggregators such as GBIF. Moreover, they are a very important resource for eco-evolutionary research, which greatly depends on knowing the precise location where

We prove an existence result for solutions to the stationary Euler equations in a domain with nonsmooth boundary. This is an extension of a previous existence result in smooth domains by Alber (1992) [1]. The domains we consider have a boundary consisting of three parts, one where fluid flows into the domain, one where the fluid flows out, and one which no fluid passes through. These three parts m

Antibunching effect is typically observed in individual systems possessing photoluminescence (PL) blinking and vice versa. Contrary to this common perception, absence of antibunching in strongly blinking methyl ammonium led tri-iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite crystals of sizes from tens to hundreds of nanometers regardless of the excitation power density is observed. Antibunching effect does not appear

III-V semiconductors, such as InAs, with an ultrathin high-κ oxide layer have attracted a lot of interests in recent years as potential next-generation metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, with increased speed and reduced power consumption. The deposition of the high-κ oxides is nowadays based on atomic layer deposition (ALD), which guarantees atomic precision and control over the d

The ability to harvest reducing power from molecular hydrogen was once considered a prokaryotic trait. New research challenges this notion by finding the first eukaryotic organism capable of oxidizing hydrogen.

Glaucoma is a potentially blinding disease where the affected individual often firstnotices symptoms when the disease has reached a late stage. If glaucoma is detectedearly e.g., at screening, the risk for visual impairment can be reduced. There are manyfactors that affect a patient´s risk of developing glaucoma or visual impairment due toglaucoma. In the four studies of this thesis, the general a

The adsorption of organic micropollutants onto powdered activated carbon (PAC) was investigated in laboratory scale based on samples from four wastewater process streams (matrices); three from a pilot-scale plant with different degrees of physicochemical treatment of municipal wastewater and one from a full-scale activated sludge plant with post-precipitation. The pilot-scale treatment consisted o

Background: Severe alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic condition predisposing to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and liver disease. Its natural course is not well known. Our aim was to study the natural course of AATD by analyzing the clinical course in individuals with severe AATD identified by screening.Materials and Methods: Of the 1585 individuals included in the Sw

Cavity-free lasing generation from gas constituents has been studied in the past decade since it promises great potentials in remote sensing and optical diagnostics techniques. Here we report on experimental investigations of temporal characteristics of H-atom lasing emission at 656 nm by examining the dependences of its durations and delays on the pump-laser-pulse energies. An indirect measuremen

Co-occurring anxiety in children on the autism spectrum is associated with greater social challenges, including poorer social skills and relationships, which may influence the severity and presentation of anxiety symptoms, particularly social anxiety. The current study used Bayesian network analytics (Williams & Mulder, 2020) and a multimethod approach to examine (a) how different facets of so