Treatment-induced motor complications represent a major clinical problem in Parkinson's disease (PD). Pharmacological dopamine (DA) replacement with l-dopa causes motor fluctuations and abnormal involuntary movements (dyskinesia) in the vast majority of the patients. Intrastriatal grafts of embryonic dopaminergic neurons can cause dyskinesia too, as shown by clinical trials of neural transplantati

Dopamine replacement therapy effectively relieves the typical motor features of Parkinson disease (PD), but it can cause complications that limit its utility. Dyskinesia (abnormal involuntary movements) and motor fluctuations (abrupt changes in the patients' motor status) occur in most PD patients after a few years of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-. l-alanine (l-DOPA) pharmacotherapy. Animal models reproduc

BACKGROUND: Varus osteotomy of the proximal femur (VOPF) is one treatment option to prevent hip dislocation in children with cerebral palsy (CP). It is questioned whether the osteotomy should be performed in the displaced hip only, or if it should be performed bilaterally to prevent later displacement of the contralateral hip. CPUP is a register and healthcare programme for children with CP that w

Human behavior impacts the environment we live in. In order to better understand how one group, boat owners, in three Nordic countries adjacent to the Baltic Sea; Sweden, Finland and Denmark, viewed the relationship between the marine environment, leisure boats and issues of responsibility, a survey study was conducted (n = 1701). The results show that there are differences between gender in many

The negative effects of climate change are calling for action to mitigate and adapt to future challenges. National crisis management authorities need to prepare to handle crisis caused by direct or indirect effects. In this study, we investigate how crisis management authorities within the European Union prepare for the effects of climate change by conducting a small questionnaire study. The quest

Through history and in most cultures differences between men and women have been observed and expressed in various ways. Also in our society differences between men and women are evident and this becomes particularly clear in the context of risk perception. This chapter will present three models that are found in the research literature that aim at explaining these differences. The first model foc

In Sweden, as in other industrialised nations, occupational exposure limits are considered to be an important tool for chemical risk management, although many other factors also play a role in occupational safety and health management. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of occupational exposure limits in relation to information about, and the risk perception of, chemicals. An interv

It is commonly believed that people become selfish and turn to looting, price gouging, and other immoral behaviour in emergencies. This has been the basis for an argument justifying extraordinary measures in emergencies. It states that if emergencies are not curtailed, breakdown of moral norms threaten ('the moral black hole'). Using the example of natural disasters, we argue that the validity of

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) most commonly affects individuals in their early forties but can occur at any age. In most instances,the initial treatment is non-surgical and a clear majority of the patients recover with this management. Surgical treatment isgenerally an option first after 6-8 weeks of non-surgical management with unsuccessful outcome in terms of pain, disability andquality of life.