Atmospheric inversion approaches are expected to play a critical role in future observation-based monitoring systems for surface fluxes of greenhouse gases (GHGs), pollutants and other trace gases. In the past decade, the research community has developed various inversion software, mainly using variational or ensemble Bayesian optimization methods, with various assumptions on uncertainty structure

As global warming is proceeding due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations, the Earth system moves towards climate states that challenge adaptation. Past Earth system states are offering possible modelling systems for the global warming of the coming decades. These include the climate of the mid-Pliocene (∼ 3 Ma), the last interglacial (∼ 129-116 ka) and the mid-Holocene (∼ 6 ka). The simulations

Reliable quantification of the sources and sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), including that of their trends and uncertainties, is essential to monitoring the progress in mitigating anthropogenic emissions under the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. This study provides a consolidated synthesis of estimates for all anthropogenic and natural sources and sinks of CO2 for the European Un

In this paper we report the results from two small-scale studies on monotone decreasing (negative) quantifying expressions (QEs) and their negative polarity properties. Some approaches to QEs view polarity item licensing and clause polarity (affirmation/denial) as distinct phenomena. Here, we investigate if this distinction holds for monotone decreasing QEs. In two studies (one on English and one

Nekrolog

Since its advent in the 1990′s, ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) has been studied and implemented as a tool to evaluate the quality of a donor organ prior to transplantation. It provides an invaluable window of opportunity for therapeutic intervention to render marginal lungs viable for transplantation. This ultimately aligns with the need of the lung transplant field to increase the number of availa

The FBAdLibrarian is a simple, command line tool that archives images from unique hyperlinks offered by the Facebook Ad Library API.At the time of writing, Facebook permits the downloading of individual ad creatives such as images for academic research purposes. The Librarian assists researchers with this process. Users must have verified their identity with Facebook, received the appropriate acce

Python wrapper for AWS Rekognition APIPykognition is a Python wrapper for the Amazon Web Service (AWS) Rekognition API, which provides industry-grade face and emotion detection. For facial detection, the algorithm provides a score for the predicted probability that the image includes a face (or multiple faces). Each face is categorized in a FaceDetail object, which carries a host of metadata such

Increased population longevity could be influenced by early life factors. Some areas have long-lived populations, also in a historical perspective. We aimed to study these factors in Halland, an area with the highest life expectancy in Sweden. We collected archival data on gestational age and birth characteristics from 995 live singleton full-term births at the Halmstad Hospital, Halland, from the

Med hjälp av öppna datakällor från svenska myndigheter om vatten och mark vilka sammanställdes i ett QGIS-program var det möjligt att presentera och åskådliggöra vattenbudgeten i Lagans avrinningsområden. Den sammanlagda vattenmängden i avrinningsområdet kunde uppskattas till 9,36 km3 varav 75,9 % (7,10 km3) är grundvatten och 24,1% (2,26 km3) finns i sjöarna i området. Studien pekar på att GISbasUsing open-access data sets on water and soil from Swedish authorities and compiling them in a QGIS-programme made it possible to present and visualise the water budget of the Lagan River Catchment. Based on the estimations of the water volume in groundwater reservoirs and lakes the total maximum available volume in the Lagan River Catchment area was determined to be 9.36 km3. Of this 75.9% (7.10

Wintertime ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) pollution events burden urban mountain basins around the globe. In the Salt Lake Valley of Utah in the United States, such pollution events are often driven by the formation of persistent cold-air pools (PCAPs) that trap emissions near the surface for several consecutive days. As a result, secondary pollutants including fine particulate matter less than 2.5 um

Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at high risk of cardiovascular complications. Novel anti-diabetic medications such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have been shown to possess cardiac and renal protective effects beyond their ability to lower plasma glucose. Use of SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA in patients with T2D and hear

Lottaz and Ottosson explore the intricate relationship between neutral Sweden and Imperial Japan during the latter's 15 years of warfare in Asia and in the Pacific. While Sweden's relationship with European Axis powers took place under the premise of existential security concerns, the case of Japan was altogether different. Japan never was a threat to Sweden, militarily or economically. Neverthele

This chapter aims to reflect about the power that is exercised in autobiographical accounts. Criminal policy ultimately shows how everyday life, identities, and biographies are constituted. The criminal policy of the Swedish welfare state was founded on the ideology of treatment and social engineering. Looking at the prison as a training camp helps me to see how the norms are impressed on people,

This chapter examines the success and failure factors related to the implementation of an Idea Management System (IMS) to manage employees’ ideas about future products and services. The authors discuss an illustrative case involving two different geographically separated sites – South and North – belonging to the same Swedish subsidiary of a global IT firm. The introduction of IMS was a success at

Increasingly, scholarly debates and policy developments on citizen participation in energy transitions have included calls for ‘energy democracy’ and active forms of ‘energy citizenship’. The concepts are tightly connected to the debate on energy transition, and the need for a decentralized energy system, based on renewable energy and increased local energy ownership. The two concepts exist in parIncreasingly, scholarly debates and policy developments on citizen participation in energy transitions have included calls for ‘energy democracy’ and active forms of ‘energy citizenship’. The concepts are tightly connected to the debate on energy transition, and the need for a decentralised energy system, based on renewable energy and increased local energy ownership. The two concepts exist in par