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Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, neuropathologically characterized by misfolded protein aggregation, called Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. PD is a slow-progressive disease with colonic dysfunction appearing in the prodromal stage and lasting throughout the course of the disease. Methods: In order to study PD pathology in the colon, we exami

It was recently found that the information-to-work conversion in a quantum Szilard engine can be increased by using a working medium of bosons with attractive interactions. In the original scheme, the work output depends on the insertion and removal position of an impenetrable barrier that acts like a piston, separating the chambers of the engine. Here, we show that the barrier removal process can

Due to water scarcity challenges around the world, it is essential to think about non-conventional water resources to address the increased demand in clean freshwater. Environmental and public health problems may result from insufficient provision of sanitation and wastewater disposal facilities. Because of this, wastewater treatment and recycling methods will be vital to provide sufficient freshw

We demonstrate a velocimetric technique based on femtosecond laser-induced cyano (CN) chemiluminescence (FLICC). High intensity emission originated from CN(B-X) fluorescence was observed in filaments generated by focusing a femtosecond laser in methane-seeded nitrogen gas flows. The emission is strong and can last for hundreds of microseconds with a proper methane concentration. FLICC was adopted

Background: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can be used to calculate myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV) by relating the longitudinal relaxation rate in blood and myocardium before and after contrast-injection to hematocrit (Hct) in blood. Hematocrit is known to vary with body posture, which could affect the calculations of ECV. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis t

Background: To assess the quality of life of people with dementia, measures are required for self-rating by the person with dementia, and for proxy rating by others. The Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease scale (QoL-AD) is available in two versions, QoL-AD-SR (self-rating) and QoL-AD-PR (proxy rating). The aim of our study was to analyse the inter-rater agreement between self- and proxy rating

Background: Spirometry, the main tool for diagnosis and follow-up of COPD, incompletely describes the disease. Based on volumetric capnography (VCap), an index was developed for the diagnosis and grading of COPD, aimed as a complement or alternative to spirometry. Methods: Nine non-smokers, 10 smokers/former smokers without COPD and 54 smokers/ former smokers with COPD were included in the study.

Tumors are phenotypically heterogeneous and include subpopulations of cancer cells with stemlike properties. The natural product salinomycin, a K+-selective ionophore, was recently found to exert selectivity against such cancer stem cells. This selective effect is thought to be due to inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway, but the mechanistic basis remains unclear. Here, we develop a functionall

The sky view factor (SVF) is an important radiometric parameter for assessing the canopy energy budget of urban areas. There are several methods to determine the SVF observationally. The most common is taking a photo with a digital camera equipped with a fish-eye lens and then converting ratio of sky area to canopy area into SVF. However, most urban canopy models use this variable as derived from

Background: Glaucoma has a familial component but detailed data on the modification of familial risks are lacking. The aim of the study was to determine detailed familial risks for medically diagnosed glaucoma based on nationwide hospital and population records. Methods: Subjects were obtained from the Multigeneration Register, contains the Swedish population in families, and glaucoma patients wer

The stability and re-ignition characteristics of the plasma column of an alternating current (AC) powered gliding arc discharge operating in atmospheric-pressure air were investigated for better plasma-mode controlling and optimized applications. By modulating the AC power supply and the air flow field, the states of afterglow plasma column were varied. When pulsating the AC power supply sequence,

The article treats panorama scenes in the novels Father Goriot (1837–1843) by Honoré de Balzac and The Red Room (1879) by August Strindberg. My observations focus on the main characters Eugène de Rastignac and Arvid Falk, and the emotions that the capital arise in them where they stand in their high positions in front of Paris and Stockholm respectively; Rastignac on the hill of the Père Lachaise

Aim: This study investigates the effect of time and age on health-related quality of life, general self-efficacy, and functional level 12 months following dysvascular major lower limb amputation (LLA). Methods: A prospective cohort study design with assessments at baseline and follow-up 3, 6, and 12 months post-amputation. Data were collected via in-person interviews using Short Form 36, the Gener

Thinking about task-unrelated matters (mind wandering) is related to cognition and well-being. However, the relations between mind wandering and other psychological variables may depend on whether the former commence spontaneously or deliberately. The current two studies investigated the psychometric properties of the Spontaneous and Deliberate Mind Wandering Scales (SDMWS; Carriere, Seli, & S

The entropy generation analysis of fully-developed turbulent heat transfer flow in inward helically corrugated tubes was numerically performed by using a Reynolds stress model. The simulations were conducted for a smooth tube and five cases of corrugated tubes with Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 10,020 to 40,060 at a constant wall temperature condition. The effects of corrugation pitch and heig

A numerical study is performed to investigate the effects of jet hole shape and channel geometry on impingement cooling for both stationary and rotating condition. Two hole shapes and two channel geometries are introduced to counteract the adverse effects of centrifugal force and Coriolis force which are induced by rotation. Both the fluid and solid part are considered for realizing the conjugate

This paper describes a method to compute frame size estimates to be used in quasi Worst-Case Transmission Times (qWCTT) for cameras that transmit frames over IP-based communication networks. The precise determination of qWCTT allows us to model the network access scheduling problem as a multiframe problem and to re-use theoretical results for network scheduling. The paper presents a set of experim