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In organisms encountering predictable environments, fixed development is expected, whereas in organisms that cannot predict their future environment, phenotypic plasticity would be optimal to increase local adaptation. To test this prediction we experimentally compared phenotypic plasticity in two rockyshore snail species; Littorina saxatilis releasing miniature snails on the shore, and Littorina
The cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) has a well-established role in appetite regulation. Central CB1R antagonists, notably rimonabant, induced weight loss and improved the metabolic profile in obese individuals, but were discontinued due to psychiatric side-effects. The CB1R is also expressed peripherally, where its effects include promotion of liver fat accumulation, which consumes ATP. Type 2 diabe
In order to adapt to new conditions that increasing air traffic volumes bring forward, the Swedish Air Navigation Services (ANS) is going through a process of change. In order to meet the new conditions it will be necessary to be more efficient in the work of handling the air traffic. New conditions bring forward new demands, not only on technology and methods used, but also on organizational stru
The development of new materials for use in fuel cells is of importance for the probable replacement of the combustion engine by this technology in public vehicles in the future. The proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membrane is one of the main components in the fuel cell. The need for improved performance of the proton conducting membrane is large and has led to intensive research worldwide.
Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant and a synchronizer of many physiological processes. Alteration of the melatonin pathway has been reported in circadian disorders, diabetes and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, very little is known about the genetic variability of melatonin receptors in humans. Here, we sequenced the melatonin receptor MTNR1A and MTNR1B, genes coding for MT1 and MT2 rece
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingens syfte är att analysera den akademiska debatten kring positiv särbehandling i USA med speciell tonvikt på de svarta amerikanernas historiska och aktuella förhållanden.Affirmative action is a contested policy in both political and academic debates in the United States. It is a policy that has been in place for over three decades and it is now seen as well entrenched in various settings of society, especially in educational and professional areas. However, in recent years affirmative action has been the target for more negative reactions, and many people are expe
In this paper a first-order version of hybrid logic is presented. The language is obtained by adding nominals, satisfaction operators and the down-arrow binder to classical first-order modal logic (including constants and function symbols). The satisfaction operators are applied to both formulas and terms. Moreover adding the universal modality is discussed. This first-order hybrid language is int
The EU has recently put forward an integrated proposal for “Climate Action – Energy for a Changing World”, which includes concrete measures on how to meet the ‘energy and climate change package’ targets of 2020. The challenge is how these targets can be reached, and how bioenergy can meet the expectations given to it. The EU Biomass Action Plan (BAP) emphasises the need for a coordinated approach
The present vulnerability of regions, communities and activities, to changes in the frequency, intensity and distribution of extreme meteorological conditions presents a problem that may be complicated by climate change. Society has many different ways of responding to catastrophic risks and distributing the financial losses. This paper contrasts different approaches on grounds of efficiency and e
