Variations in total heart volume (atria plus ventricles) during a cardiac cycle affect efficiency of cardiac pumping. The goals of this study were to confirm the presence, extent, and contributors of total heart volume variation during the cardiac cycle in healthy volunteers with the use of MRI. Eight healthy volunteers were examined by MRI at rest. Changes in total cardiac volume throughout the c

Body mass index (BMI), the distribution of fat, birth weight, physical fitness, apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and B, total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) were studied in 38 obese 10- to 11-year-olds in comparison to 52 age-matched controls. Obese children had higher concentration of apo B and a lower apo A-I:B ratio. Significant correlations were found between (a) ap

Low-glycemic index (GI) foods and foods rich in whole grain are associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We studied the effect of cereal-based bread evening meals (50 g available starch), varying in GI and content of indigestible carbohydrates, on glucose tolerance and related variables after a subsequent standardized breakfast in healthy subjects (n = 15). At br

BACKGROUND: The objective of this paper is to illustrate the effect of a gap of 5 mm, an overlap of 5 mm and a perfect match on the dose distribution across the junction of tangential breast fields and adjacent supraclavicular and axillary fields. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this purpose film dosimetry was applied to measure relative dose distributions in two sagittal planes in an anthropomorphic b

Nitrogen (N) is often considered to be the major factor limiting tree growth in northern forest ecosystems. An increased N availability, however, increases the demand for other nutrients such as base cations and phosphorous (P) which in turn may change which nutrient is the limiting factor. If P or base cations become limiting, N will start to leach which means a risk of increased eutrophication o

Studies suggest that skin cancer aggregates within families; however, the risk of skin cancer associated with having an affected sibling or parent by subtype, tumor site, and age at diagnosis has not been established. The 2006 update of the Swedish Family-Cancer Database was used to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), representing the ratio of cancer risk among individuals with affecte

In this paper, response surface parameters are provided that can be used to obtain critical values for an augmentation of an existing homogeneous panel data unit root test. The augmentation is performed to account for serial correlation in the disturbances. As the existing panel data unit root test is robust against cross-sectional correlation, the augmented test is robust against both cross-secti

We have studied the stability of the dopaminergic phenotype in a conditionally immortalized human mesencephalic cell line, NIESC2.10. Even though MESC2.10 cells exhibit features of dopaminergic neurons in vitro, none of the cells expressed tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) after transplantation into a rat model of Parkinson's disease. We examined whether this is caused by cell death or loss of transmitter

Although currently available antimuscarinic agents are the standard of care for overactive bladder (OAB), they are limited by certain side effects, particularly dry mouth and constipation. Research aimed at discovering new therapies for OAB has resulted in the identification of some promising drugs. Investigations of pharmacologic targets in the central nervous system (CNS) have yielded encouragin

Objectives: S100B is an acidic calcium-binding protein of the EF-hand family present in the central nervous system, where it is concentrated in glial cells. It has been suggested to act as a cytokine with neurotrophic effects at physiological concentrations. Design and methods: S100B concentration was assessed in saliva by western blot analysis and an immunoluminometric assay. A reference curve of

In 1782, Jon Petursson, a district physician in Northern Iceland, published a textbook on arthritis and its remedies intended for common use. Working within a very simple diagnostic system, essentially comprising osteoarthritis (arthritis h a ) and inflammatory arthritis (arthritis vaga), he describes arthritis vaga as a common, chronic, symmetric, destructive, inflammatory polyarthritis, sometime

This case-control study of tobacco smoking and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), emphasizing specific associations with morphologic and cytogenetic subtypes, comprised smoking histories for 333 cases and 351 controls. Smoking status (ever smokers versus life-long non-smokers) showed no evident effect on AML risk. However, an effect of smoking was indicated at high cumulative smoking doses (pack-years)

The Ebf (O/E) family of helix-loop-helix transcription factors plays a significant role in B lymphocyte and neuronal development. The three primary members of this family, Ebf1, 2, and 3, are all expressed in adipocytes, and Ebf1 promotes adipogenesis when overexpressed in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Here we report that these three proteins have adipogenic potential in multiple cellular models and that p

Rats housed in an enriched environment allowing both social interaction and physical activity improve more than rats housed in standard laboratory cages after focal brain ischemia. To determine the relative importance of social and physical activity, rats that sustained ligation of the middle cerebral artery were kept in an enriched environment with opportunities for various activities (group A),

Two cooking liquors and a black liquor were fractionated by ultrafiltration. The liquors were withdrawn from different stages in a kraft pulp mill employing continuous digestion. The ultrafiltration was performed at 90 degrees C with two ceramic membranes with cut-offs of 5 kDa and 15 kDa. Only small differences in membrane performance were observed when concentrating the three liquors to 90% volu

The doubly magic superdeformed band in the N = Z nucleus Zn-60 has been identified. Linking transitions connecting this band to the yrast line provide the first spin, parity, and excitation energy measurements for superdeformed states in the A similar to 60 region. The stretched-E2 character and relatively large B(E2) values of these transitions suggest a nonstatistical decay-out process.

Abstract in UndeterminedA new family of stream ciphers, Grain, is proposed. Two variants, a 80-bit and a 128-bit variant are specified, denoted Grain and Grain-128 respectively. The designs target hardware environments where gate count, power consumption and memory are very limited. Both variants are based on two shift registers and a nonlinear output function. The ciphers also have the additional

A continued study of the recently discovered diazotizative allylation (DiazAll) reaction of aniline derivatives is reported. Several allyl reagents, commonly used in radical allylation reactions, were evaluated, and some of these reagents resulted in allylation when used in the DiazAll reaction. The best result was obtained with allyl bromide. Substituted allylic bromides gave the corresponding al