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Multicomponent inverse modeling of supercritical fluid extraction of carotenoids, chlorophyll A, ergosterol and lipids from microalgae

The fundamentals of analyte extractable fraction, solubility, partitioning and mass transfer resistance in supercritical fluid extraction were studied using inverse modeling. These phenomena are essential for understanding, predicting and optimizing the supercritical fluid extraction process. Carotenoids, chlorophyll A, ergosterol and total lipids were extracted from the microalgae Chlorella sp. T

A three dimensional multiphysics model of a solid oxide electrochemical cell : A tool for understanding degradation

Mitigating degradation is essential for extending the lifetime of solid oxide electrochemical cells (SOCs). The conditions leading to degradation, e.g. overpotentials, gas partial pressures, thermal gradients are hard, if not impossible, to retrieve experimentally. Thus, to deconvolute the response from cell testing, modeling can be applied to understand the degradation phenomena in greater detail

Tuft cells : Distribution and connections with nerves and endocrine cells in mouse intestine

Tuft cells are gastrointestinal (GI) sensory cells recognized by their characteristic shape and their microvilli “tuft”. Aims of the present study were to elucidate their regional distribution and spatial connections with satiety associated endocrine cells and nerve fibers throughout the intestinal tract. C57BL/6 J mice were used in the experiments. The small intestine was divided into five segmen

The extended law of corresponding states when attractions meet repulsions

Short-range attractive colloids show well-defined phase behaviour in the absence of repulsions, and highly intriguing equilibrium gelation in the presence of long-range repulsions. We present the state diagram of short-range attractive colloids with repulsions that range from fully screened to intermediately ranged, i.e. longer-ranged than the attractions, but shorter ranged than the colloid size.

Genetic variation of acquired structural chromosomal aberrations

Human malignancies are often hallmarked with genomic instability, which itself is also considered a causative event in malignant transformation. Genomic instability may manifest itself as genetic changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, or as structural or numerical changes of chromosomes. Unrepaired or insufficiently repaired DNA double-strand breaks, as well as telomere shortening, are importa

Modeling linguistic evolution : A look under the hood

This paper takes a detailed look at some popular models of evolution used in contemporary diachronic linguistic research, focusing on the continuous-time Markov model, a particularly popular choice. I provide an exposition of the math underlying the CTM model, seldom discussed in linguistic papers. I show that in some work, a lack of explicit reference to the underlying computation creates some di

Similarities and Differences of Blood N-Glycoproteins in Five Solid Carcinomas at Localized Clinical Stage Analyzed by SWATH-MS

Cancer is mostly incurable when diagnosed at a metastatic stage, making its early detection via blood proteins of immense clinical interest. Proteomic changes in tumor tissue may lead to changes detectable in the protein composition of circulating blood plasma. Using a proteomic workflow combining N-glycosite enrichment and SWATH mass spectrometry, we generate a data resource of 284 blood samples

Acoustic manipulation of cells and microbeads in droplet microfluidics

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a promising platform for miniaturisation of biological assays on-chip. In droplet microfluidics small water droplets (nL-pL) surrounded by an immiscible carrier oil are generated at high throughput. In these droplets particles such as cells or microbeads can be encapsulated, and the idea is that each of these droplets can be used as small reaction chambers for

Serotonin- and Dopamine-Related Gene Expression in db/db Mice Islets and in MIN6 β -Cells Treated with Palmitate and Oleate

High circulating nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) concentration, often reported in diabetes, leads to impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) through not yet well-defined mechanisms. Serotonin and dopamine might contribute to NEFA-dependent β-cell dysfunction, since extracellular signal of these monoamines decreases GSIS. Moreover, palmitate-treated β-cells may enhance the expression

Prolonged Activation of the Htr2b Serotonin Receptor Impairs Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion and Mitochondrial Function in MIN6 Cells

Aims Pancreatic β-cells synthesize and release serotonin (5 hydroxytryptamine, 5HT); however, the role of 5HT receptors on glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and the mechanisms mediating this function is not fully understood. The aims of this study were to determine the expression profile of 5HT receptors in murine MIN6 β-cells and to examine the effects of pharmacological activation of 5

May Measurement Month 2017 : an analysis of blood pressure screening results worldwide

Background: Increased blood pressure is the biggest contributor to the global burden of disease and mortality. Data suggest that less than half of the population with hypertension is aware of it. May Measurement Month was initiated to raise awareness of the importance of blood pressure and as a pragmatic interim solution to the shortfall in screening programmes. Methods: This cross-sectional surve

On-Bill Financing Programs to Support Low-Carbon Energy Technologies : An Agent-Oriented Assessment

On‐bill financing (OBF) schemes have been welcomed as innovative mechanisms for encouraging the adoption of low‐carbon energy technologies. Yet while the potential effects of these schemes have received growing attention, less is known about their actual performance. Departing from New Institutional Economics and insights from Behavioral Economics, this theory‐driven assessment examines the How$ma

Serotonergic Regulation of Insulin Secretion

The exact physiological role for the monoamine serotonin (5-HT) in modulation of insulin secretion is yet to be fully understood. Although the presence of this monoamine in islets of Langerhans is well established, it is only with recent advances that the complex signaling network in islets involving 5-HT is being unraveled. With more than fourteen different 5-HT receptors expressed in human islet