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3d Finite Element Models Reconstructed From 2d Dxa Images Improve Hip Fracture Prediction Compared to Areal Bmd in Mros Sweden Cohort

Bone strength is an important contributor to fracture risk. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) derived from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is used as a surrogate for bone strength in fracture risk prediction tools. 3D finite element (FE) models predict bone strength better than aBMD, but their clinical use is limited by the need for 3D computed tomography and lack of automation. We have ear

Model ensembles of ecosystem services fill global certainty and capacity gaps

Sustaining ecosystem services (ES) critical to human well-being is hindered by many practitioners lacking access to ES models (“the capacity gap”) or knowledge of the accuracy of available models (“the certainty gap”), especially in the world’s poorer regions. We developed ensembles of multiple models at an unprecedented global scale for five ES of high policy relevance. Ensembles were 2 to 14% mo

Neurotensin Gene rs2234762 C>G Variant Associates with Reduced Circulating Pro-NT Levels and Predicts Lower Insulin Resistance in Overweight/Obese Children

Neurotensin (NT) is a small protein implicated in the regulation of energy balance which acts as both a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and as a gastrointestinal peptide. In the gut, NT is secreted after fat ingestion and promotes the absorption of fatty acids. The circulating levels of its precursor, pro-NT, predicts the presence and development of metabolic and cardiovascular dise

Cobalt nanoparticles cause allergic contact dermatitis in humans

Background: Cobalt (Co) causes allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and the emerging use of Co nanoparticles (CoNPs) warrants gaining further insight into its potential to elicit ACD in sensitized individuals. Objectives: The aims of the study were to clarify to what extent CoNPs may elicit ACD responses in participants with Co contact allergy, and to evaluate whether the nanoparticles cause a distin

Phosphorus regulates ectomycorrhizal fungi biomass production in a Norway spruce forest

Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are important components of soil microbial communities, and EMF biomass can potentially increase carbon (C) stocks by accumulating in the soils as necromass and producing recalcitrant structures. EMF growth depends on the C allocated belowground by the host trees, and the nutrient limitation on tree growth is expected to influence this allocation. Therefore, studying EM

Evidence for Prepulse Inhibition of Visually Evoked Motor Response in Drosophila melanogaster

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is a widely investigated behavior to study the mechanisms of disorders such as anxiety, schizophrenia, and bipolar mania. PPI has been observed across various vertebrate and invertebrate species; however, it has not yet been reported in adult Drosophila melanogaster. In this study, we describe the first detection of PPI of visually evoked locomotor arousal in flies. To va

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Supplementation Promotes Brain Maturation in Preterm Pigs

Very preterm infants show low levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which is associated with postnatal growth restriction and poor neurologic outcomes. It remains unknown whether supplemental IGF-1 may stimulate neurode-velopment in preterm neonates. Using cesarean-delivered preterm pigs as a model of preterm infants, we investi-gated the effects of supplemental IGF-1 on motor function a

A comparison in women with newly diagnosed diabetes between those with and without a history of gestational diabetes : a new perspective

Aims: Previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) entails increased risk of future diabetes. We describe the characteristics of women with previous GDM and compare with no previous GDM from the cohort Diabetes in Kalmar and Kronoberg (DKK) of 1248 adults, 40% women, with new diabetes, and factors affecting age and C-peptide levels at diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Age-at-diagnosis of diabetes, B

Human Rights as Space-Making : Bodily Performative Activism Against Sexual Violence in Egypt

This article introduces the concept of space-making as a form of human rights activism. To develop the concept, I use the example of contentious street activism against sexual violence in post-2011 Egypt. My research has found that feminist activists utilised human rights as a legal tool for improving legislation and policy and as a linguistic strategy to challenge derogatory discourse. Using huma

Developing an Intervention to Enhance Parental Monitoring in Family Foster Care

Purpose: To fulfill their supervision and counseling responsibilities to foster parents, social workers need an effective way to indirectly monitor foster children's mental health and learning ability within a model of tripartite parenthood. This article describes how we are developing an intervention aimed at enhancing parental monitoring as a protective factor in family foster care. Methods: Foc

Sub-Picosecond Carrier Dynamics Explored using Automated High-Throughput Studies of Doping Inhomogeneity within a Bayesian Framework

Bottom–up production of semiconductor nanomaterials is often accompanied by inhomogeneity resulting in a spread in electronic properties which may be influenced by the nanoparticle geometry, crystal quality, stoichiometry, or doping. Using photoluminescence spectroscopy of a population of more than 11 000 individual zinc-doped gallium arsenide nanowires, inhomogeneity is revealed in, and correlati

Spatially repeatable components from ultrafast ultrasound are associated with motor unit activity in human isometric contractions

Objective. Ultrafast ultrasound (UUS) imaging has been used to detect intramuscular mechanical dynamics associated with single motor units (MUs). Detecting MUs from ultrasound sequences requires decomposing a velocity field into components, each consisting of an image and a signal. These components can be associated with putative MU activity or spurious movements (noise). The differentiation betwe

Effect of docetaxel added to bicalutamide in Hormone-Naïve non-metastatic prostate cancer with rising PSA, a randomized clinical trial (SPCG-14)

Background: Historically, endocrine therapy was used in a range of scenarios in patients with rising PSA, both as a treatment for locally advanced non-metastatic prostate cancer and PSA recurrence following curative intended therapy. In the present study the objective was to investigate if chemotherapy added to endocrine therapy could improve progression-free survival (PFS). Materials and Methods:

Ex vivo, in situ perfusion protocol for human brain fixation compatible with microscopy, MRI techniques, and anatomical studies

We present a method for human brain fixation based on simultaneous perfusion of 4% paraformaldehyde through carotids after a flush with saline. The left carotid cannula is used to perfuse the body with 10% formalin, to allow further use of the body for anatomical research or teaching. The aim of our method is to develop a vascular fixation protocol for the human brain, by adapting protocols that a

A multi-program analysis of cleft lip with cleft palate prevalence and mortality using data from 22 International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research programs, 1974–2014

Background: Cleft lip with cleft palate (CLP) is a congenital condition that affects both the oral cavity and the lips. This study estimated the prevalence and mortality of CLP using surveillance data collected from birth defect registries around the world. Methods: Data from 22 population- and hospital-based surveillance programs affiliated with the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects S

Using Cluster Theory to Calculate the Experimental Structure Factors of Antibody Solutions

Monoclonal antibody solutions are set to become a major therapeutic tool in the years to come, capable of targeting various diseases by clever design of their antigen binding site. However, the formulation of stable solutions suitable for patient self-administration typically presents challenges, as a result of the increase in viscosity that often occurs at high concentrations. Here, we establish

A side-channel attack on a masked and shuffled software implementation of Saber

In this paper, we show that a software implementation of IND-CCA-secure Saber key encapsulation mechanism protected by first-order masking and shuffling can be broken by deep learning-based power analysis. Using an ensemble of deep neural networks trained at the profiling stage, we can recover the session key and the secret key from 257 × N and 24 × 257 × N traces, respectively, where N is the num

LONG-TIME BEHAVIOR AND STABILITY FOR QUASILINEAR DOUBLY DEGENERATE PARABOLIC EQUATIONS OF HIGHER ORDER

We study the long-time behavior of solutions to quasilinear doubly degenerate parabolic problems of fourth order. The equations model, for instance, the dynamic behavior of a non-Newtonian thin-film flow on a flat impermeable bottom and with zero contact angle. We consider a shear-rate dependent fluid the rheology of which is described by a constitutive power law or Ellis law for the fluid viscosi

Does Cluster Encapsulation Inhibit Sintering? Stabilization of Size-Selected Pt Clusters on Fe3O4(001) by SMSI

The metastability of supported metal nanoparticles limits their application in heterogeneous catalysis at elevated temperatures due to their tendency to sinter. One strategy to overcome these thermodynamic limits on reducible oxide supports is encapsulation via strong metal-support interaction (SMSI). While annealing-induced encapsulation is a well-explored phenomenon for extended nanoparticles, i

Long-term clinical and cost-effectiveness of a therapist-supported online remote behavioural intervention for tics in children and adolescents : extended 12- and 18-month follow-up of a single-blind randomised controlled trial

Background: Little is known about the long-term effectiveness of behavioural therapy for tics. We aimed to assess the long-term clinical and cost-effectiveness of online therapist-supported exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy for tics 12 and 18 months after treatment initiation. Methods: ORBIT (online remote behavioural intervention for tics) was a two-arm (1:1 ratio), superiority, sing