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The mucosal lymphocyte integrin alpha E(CD103)beta 7 is thought to be important for intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) localization or function. We cloned the murine integrin gene encoding alpha E, localized it to chromosome 11, and generated integrin alpha E-deficient mice. In alpha E-/- mice, intestinal and vaginal IEL numbers were reduced, consistent with the known binding of alpha E beta 7 to E-
It is generally difficult to analytically derive models describing the echo attenuation in pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE) experiments for even he simplest porous systems that are commonly studied-especially when the gradient pulse (delta) is of finite length compared to the timescale of the diffusion measurement (Delta). Consequently, various levels of approximation are used to evaluate PGSE ex
Objectives Exposure to aluminium compounds, such as fluorides in gaseous and particulate form, places people who work in potrooms at risk for respiratory symptoms. Workers in potrooms, however, also are exposed to a number of other air contaminants. In this study, we present the first report of a dose-response relationship after exposure to potassium aluminium tetrafluoride (KAlF4) and the influen
Student speech production is an essential part of language learning in the foreign-language classroom. The students usually have few opportunities to use the language outside the classroom, which underscores the importance of making good use of the time spent in the classroom. Much research has shown that learner output is necessary, or at least facilitative, in language acquisition. This claim fo
In this study critical load functions and target load functions of nitrogen and sulphur deposition with respect to acidity and minimum base cation to aluminium ratio were calculated with the SAFE model using three different averaging strategies: (1) averaging based on current forest generation, (2) averaging based on next generation and (3) averaging based on the entire simulation period. From the
It has been proposed that patterns of daily occupations that promote health or cause illness should be possible to identify. By describing patterns as consisting of main, hidden, and unexpected occupations, this study aimed to develop and to evaluate a process for analysing and characterising subjectively perceived patterns of daily occupations. Yesterday diaries describing one day of 100 working
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen har fokus på lungornas mekaniska egenskaper hos friska och vid akut lungskada och på metodutveckling för studier av lungmekanik. Kunskap om lungmekanik är av intresse inom intensivvården för att skräddarsy respirator-behandling och i lunglaboratoriet för diagnostik och utvärdering av patienter med olika typer av lungsjukdom. Vid respiratorbehandling kan föKnowledge about lung mechanics is of interest in intensive care to adjust mechanical ventilation and in the lung laboratory for diagnostics and evaluation of patients with various kinds of respiratory diseases. In mechanical ventilation a single inspiratory elastic pressure-volume (Pel/V) curve is difficult to interpret due to continuing re-expansion of collapsed lung units over a large pressure
Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) is an important cause of meningitis and sepsis. Currently, there is no effective vaccine against serogroup B meningococcal infection. Host defense against neisseriae requires the complement system (C) as indicated by the fact that individuals deficient in properdin or late C components (C6-9) have an increased susceptibility to recurrent neisserial infections
Over a 1-y period, 26 inpatients at the Jordan University Hospital in Amman were detected with bacteraemia (23 cases) or respiratory tract colonized with B. cepacia (3 cases). A combination of genetic identification and molecular typing has proved that all cases were caused by a single epidemic strain of B. cepacia genomovar IIIa. Nosocomial infections could be documented in 21/26 (81%) patients,
We have investigated the Raman-Auger crossover of the Mn 2p non-radiative decays in bulk MnO. For the highest kinetic energy transition in the Mn 2p3p3p decay, Raman behaviour is observed up to approximate to 3.4 eV above the resonance energy (maximum of the L-3 absorption). In the case of the 2p3p3d and 2p3d3d transitions a similar situation occurs up to approximate to 5 eV above the resonance en
A recently developed, simple immunological method, diffusion-in-gel ELISA, has been adapted for class-specific determination of rheumatoid factor (RF). Evidence was obtained of an analytical error due to interaction between RF and antigenic determinants on the Fc part of the indicator immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules used. This was eliminated by replacing the usual indicator reagent, complete Ig mole
OBJECT: Predictors of early (30-day) and long-term (1-year) mortality rates after primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were studied in a large population in southern Sweden. METHODS: All cases of primary ICH, verified using computerized tomography (CT) scanning or autopsy study, were prospectively registered at the 12 hospitals covering a defined population of 1.14 million during the calendar ye
Remnants of more than 3 million transposable elements, primarily retroelements, comprise nearly half of the human genome and have generated much speculation concerning their evolutionary significance. We have exploited the draft human genome sequence to examine the distributions of retroelements on a genome-wide scale. Here we show that genomic densities of 10 major classes of human retroelements
L-Arabinose utilization by the yeasts Candida arabinofermentans PYCC 5603(T) and Pichia guilliermondii PYCC 3012 was investigated in aerobic batch cultures and compared, under similar conditions, to D-glucose and D-xylose metabolism. At high aeration levels, only biomass was formed from all the three sugars. When oxygen became limited, ethanol was produced from D-glucose, demonstrating a fermentat
In communication networks, fair sharing of resources is an important issue for one main reason. The growth of network capacity is in general not matching the rapid growth of traffic. Consequently, the resources consumed by each user have to be limited. This implies that users cannot always be assigned the end-to-end bandwidth they ask for. Instead, the limited network resources should be distribut
We used long-term monitoring data to assess causes behind a recent shift front a clear to a turbid water state in Lake Takern, Sweden. The lake has a previous record of shifts between clear-water and turbid states. but the causes behind these shifts are not well known. During the recent shift, which occurred in 1995-1997, Submerged vegetation Subsequently declined after a 30-year period of clear-w
