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In recent decades, the enforcement of European Union (EU) law has transitioned from being primarily the responsibility of Member States to becoming an increasingly shared or centralised task at the EU level. Drawing on the concept of legal design patterns, this article presents these two broadly understood enforcement approaches as decentralised and centralised enforcement patterns, and examines t
Kursen behandlar: Talteori: aritmetikens fundamentalssats, kongruensräkning. Grupper: definition, grundläggande exempel på grupper, undergrupper, normala undergrupper, faktorgrupper, isomorfier och homomorfier, Lagranges sats, permutationsgrupper, symmetriska och alternerande grupper, ändligt genererade abelska grupper. Ringar: definition, grundläggande exempel på ringar, isomorfier och homomoThe course treats: Number theory: the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, modular artithmetic. Groups: definition, basic examples of groups, subgroups, normal subgroups, factor groups, isomorphisms and homomorphisms, Lagrange's theorem, permutation groups, symmetric and alternating groups, finitely generated Abelian groups. Rings: definition, basic examples of rings, isomorphisms and homomorphi
Kursen behandlar: • homotopiteori, fundamentalgruppen, övertäckningsrum • Brouwer's fixpunktssats, Borsuk-Ulams sats • deformationsretraktion, fundamentalgrupper och ytors homologi • mångfalders kirurgi, också kallad "klippa och klistra" • konstruktion och klassificering av kompakta ytor.The course treats: • homotopy theory, the fundamental group, covering spaces • the Brouwer fixed point theorem, the Borsuk-Ulam theorem • deformation retracts, fundamental groups and homology of surfaces • surgery of manifolds, also called "cutting and pasting" • the construction and classification of compact surfaces.
Integrationen av Artificiell Intelligens (AI) i läkemedelsutvecklingen medför betydande möjligheter och etiska utmaningar, särskilt med användning av komplexa "Black Box" AI-system. Denna studie undersöker hur läkemedelsindustrin hanterar etiska frågor kopplade till AI, med fokus på efterlevnad av EU:s regelverk, inklusive Assessment List for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (ALTAI) sThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into drug development introduces significant opportunities and ethical challenges, particularly with the use of complex "Black Box" AI systems. This study investigates how the drug development industry addresses ethical concerns associated with AI, focusing on compliance with European Union (EU) regulations, including the Assessment List fo
This thesis examines the integration and impact of Generative AI (GenAI) on UX design, emphasizing human-AI collaboration and task complexity. Utilizing AI Sensemaking and Actor-network Theory (ANT), the study reveals that GenAI tools have transitioned from experimental aids to essential components in the design process, significantly enhancing productivity, particularly in prototyping and idea ge
This thesis investigates the legal and ethical implications of generative artificial intelligence (AI) within the European Union copyright framework, with a particular focus on text and data mining (TDM) practices. It explores how AI systems are trained using vast datasets - often scraped from online content - raising concerns around authorship, consent, and the preservation of attribution. The st
Generative AI tools are increasingly used in studies and education, which presents new challenges for teachers and staff at Lund University. On these pages, you will find information and guidance. Guidance for teachers in five steps Generative AI tools have quickly gained a significant role in higher education, and all teachers need to adapt their teaching to the situation to some extent. Wonderin
https://www.education.lu.se/en/current-themes/generative-ai-tools - 2025-12-17
This is a review of Brett M. Frischmann's "Infrastructure : the social value of shared resources" (2012). It is a rich book that neither ducks from challenging the disciplinary boundaries of economic theory nor from complex issues of spillover effects or hard-to-measure externalitites. Frischmann’s contribution includes the grand task of comparing and analysing the very much different types of inf
Recording from seminar 23 April 2025 Risks and Benefits of AI in Research: Ethical Perspectives" provides a forum to examine how artificial intelligence is transforming the research landscape. It explores AI's potential to unlock new frontiers of knowledge, while addressing risks such as bias, misuse of data, and erosion of trust. Ethical perspectives guide discussions on accountability, transpar
https://www.ai.lu.se/2025-04-23 - 2025-12-17
https://www.ai.lu.se/about/contact - 2025-12-17
Recent studies have shown the discriminatory and patriarchal nature of personal status laws in Lebanon (Geagea et al. 2015; Mikdashi 2018b). Stories abound of women losing custody of their children due to laws that favor paternal custody and of couples pursuing civil marriages abroad to avoid being subject to religious courts in Lebanon (Abillama 2018). Literature on the subject has focused on the
In the course we will discuss the broad field of gender studies and the central issues, key concepts and analytical tools in the current debates regarding inequalities, diversities and social change relevant for sustainability. The course draws on global, regional and local empirical examples to illustrate issues of how gender and sustainability interact. We will analyse similarities, differences
The thesis should be a synthesis and further development of the knowledge and competences gained during the three terms of course work in LUMES on top of undergraduate studies. The thesis work should develop the student’s potential for professional sustainability work and/or for further research. The process puts great demands on the capacity to wThe thesis should be a synthesis and further development of the knowledge and competences gained during the three terms of course work in LUMES on top of undergraduate studies. The thesis work should develop the student’s potential for professional sustainability work and/or for further research. The process puts great demands on the capacity to w
Efter en introduktion till skillnaderna mellan webbskrapning och Application Programming Interfaces (API) lär sig studenten de grundläggande metoderna för att samla in data. Begränsningar för vilka typer av data som kan erhållas genom dessa metoder diskuteras ocksåAfter an introduction to the differences between approaches to web scraping, the student will learn to apply basic web scraping methods for collecting data. Limitations to what types of data are obtainable through these methods are also discussed.
Varje år orsakar luftföroreningar 7 miljoner dödsfall globalt. Klimatet både värms och kyls av luftföroreningar, vilket gör dem till en av de största osäkerhetsfaktorerna i klimatmodeller. Den gröna omställningen och vår strävan efter cirkulär ekonomi kommer innebära att några luftföroreningskällor försvinner, men också att nya kommer att introduceras. Dessa komplexa problem behöver angripas transEvery year, 7 million people die due to exposure to air pollution. Air pollution both heats and cools global temperatures, hence it is one of the major reasons for uncertainties in climate models. The green transition and our aim for a circular economy will remove some of our current air pollution sources but introduce new ones. These complex questions demand a transdisciplinary approach. This cou
The collection examines the view of the holiness in the "Holy Land" through the writings of pilgrims, travelers, and missionaries. The period extends from 1517, the Ottoman conquest of Syria and Palestine, to the Franco-British treaty of Utrecht in 1713 and the consolidation of European hegemony over the Mediterranean. The writers in the collection include Christians (Orthodox, Protestant, and Cat
