We conducted a multicentre test-negative case–control study in 27 hospitals of 11 European countries to measure 2015/16 influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against hospitalised influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B among people aged ≥ 65 years. Patients swabbed within 7 days after onset of symptoms compatible with severe acute respiratory infection were included. Information on demographics, vaccination

The 4MOST instrument is a multi-object spectrograph that will address Galactic and extragalactic science cases simultaneously by observing targets from a large number of different surveys within each science exposure. This parallel mode of operation and the survey nature of 4MOST require some distinct 4MOST- specific operational features within the overall operations model of ESO. The main feature

The wooden transverse flute that is in focus in this PhD­project was originally a further development of the transverse flute of the baroque era. It was the favoured instrument in Western art music during much of the 19th century. However during the late 19th century the Boehm­system flute became the instrument of choice among most practitioners of Western art music. Even though I have been well i

Background: It is unclear whether the outcomes differ after different Horne and Tanzer types of olecranon fractures. Materials and methods: We evaluated 40 men and 55 women with isolated olecranon fractures, journals and radiographs from fracture event. The fractures were classified according to Horne and Tanzer. After a mean 19 years after the fracture events, we evaluated subjective, clinical an

BACKGROUND: The Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, commonly involved in severe sepsis and septic shock, shed endotoxin that upon detection by the host triggers an inflammatory cascade. Efficiency of albumin solutions to restore hypovolemia during sepsis has been debated. To aid identification of subgroups of sepsis patients that may respond positively or negatively to treatment with albumin

Two dispenser types for pine sawfly (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) pheromones-glass capillaries and dental cotton rolls-are described, and release rates reported. Glass capillaries of different diameters were used in field tests to determine dose-response relationships of (2 S,3 S,7 S)-3,7-dimethylpentadecan-2-yl acetate (diprionyl acetate), diprionyl propionate, and trans-perillenal on the trap catch

The chiral syntheses of some analogues, 2 - 7, of 3,7-dimethyl-2-pentadecanol, 1 (diprionol), and of the corresponding acetates are described. The acetate of 1 is the main attractant in the sex pheromone of the Neodiprion genus (Diprionidae). Compounds 2 /2- 4 were identified as minor components isolated from females of Neodiprion sertifer. Synthetic intermediates were prepared either from chiral

Electroantennographic and single sensillum recordings were performed on male pine sawfly, Neodiprion sertifer, antennae. Responses to the sex pheromone component (2S, 3S, 7S)- 3,7-dimethyl-2-pentadecenyl (diprionyl) acetate (SSS:OAc), to the behavioral inhibitor (2S, 3R, 7R)-diprionyl acetate (SRR:OAc), to the six other enantiomers of diprionyl acetate, and to the biosynthetic precursor diprionol

ABSTRACT. This study investigated a possible trade‐off between bark beetle reproductive effort and future survival. Parent adult Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) were collected when they re‐emerged from a laboratory culture after completing their first brood and held at constant temperatures of 4 or 25oC. As a comparison, emerging brood adults were collected and held at 25oC. The long

The biological role of non-symbiotic plant hemoglobins (Hbs) is not well understood. It may involve sensing and signaling of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species–a property that can be used in electrochemical sensing. Here, we electrochemically studied two novel non-symbiotic Beta vulgaris Hbs: BvHb1.2 and BvHb2 expressed in E. coli. At pH 7, we observed close potentials of their Fe2+/3+ hemes, −3

Summary Objective There is limited knowledge on sick leave associated with arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) due to traumatic meniscal tear and its potential gender differences. Thus, our aim was to determine gender-specific sick leave before and after APM. Method In Skåne region, Sweden, we identified patients, aged 18–59 years diagnosed with traumatic meniscal tear without ligament injury,

In, pheromone extracts of calling female Chiasma clathrata, L. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a defoliator pest of alfalfa, (Z,Z,Z)-3,6,9–heptadecatriene and (Z,Z)-6,9–cis-3,4–epoxyhepta-decadiene was identified. Chiral gas chromatography using a modified cyclodextrin and synthetic reference samples proved the natural epoxide to show (3 R.4 S)-configuration. In field trapping tests, only the pure (3/

ABSTRACT In field‐trapping experiments the unsaturated analogues (E)‐6‐, (E)‐12‐, and (Z)‐12‐tetradecenyl acetate were as attractive to male Yponomeuta rorellus Latr. as the native pheromone component tetradecyl acetate. All four analogues attracted more males than virgin females did, whereas (Z)‐6‐, (E)‐11‐, (Z)‐10‐ and (Z)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate were essentially non‐attractive. Addition of 1–30

Formulating the multi object tracking problem as a network flow optimization problem is a popular choice. The weights of such network flow problem can be learnt efficiently from training data using a recently introduced concept called Generalized Graph Differences (GGD). This allows a general tracker implementation to be specialized to drone videos by training it on the VisDrone dataset. Two modif

Policy (or political) entrepreneurship is an actor-based framework to examine and understand policy change. Rooted in Kingdon’s multiple streams approach, the policy entrepreneur is defined as “a special kind of actor, embedded in the sociopolitical fabric, who is alert to opportunities and acts upon them; he or she amasses coalitions for the purpose of effecting change in a substantive policy sec

Tryptophan is an essential dietary amino acid that originates uremic toxins that contribute to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patient outcomes. We evaluated serum levels and removal during haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration of tryptophan and tryptophan-derived uremic toxins, indoxyl sulfate (IS) and indole acetic acid (IAA), in ESKD patients in different dialysis treatment settings. This prospe

Nutritional deficiencies among women of reproductive age, especially from socially backward classes, are widely prevalent in India. The present study aimed to assess the nutrient intakes and analyse their associations with sociodemographic attributes among socially backward adolescent girls, newly married women, pregnant women, and lactating mothers from four districts of India. Further, the study