Environmental manipulation experiments showed that species respond individualistically to each environmental-change variable. The greatest responses of plants were generally to nutrient, particularly nitrogen, addition. Summer warming experiments showed that woody plant responses were dominant and that mosses and lichens became less abundant. Responses to warming were controlled by moisture availa

Individual control and quantification of phosphate removal is desirable in dialysis treatment. Currently, no on-line method exists to quantify phosphate removal. We demonstrate that a multivariate calibration model based on infrared transmission spectra is capable of predicting phosphate, urea, and glucose concentrations at clinically relevant levels. The on-line monitoring of these components by

Only a small number of protein homologues cause the majority of allergies. There is no consensus structure or other obvious common denominator discriminating the few proteins that are allergens from thousands of other, non-allergenic proteins. By database sequence homology searching, we here show that to date known allergen sequences have no or few bacterial homologues, in contrast to randomly sel

Purpose: Antimuscarinic agents, which are used in to treat urgency and urge incontinence, have well-known effects on peripheral muscarinic receptors. However, some currently used drugs may have effects on muscarinic receptors in the brain and/or spinal cord involved in voiding control. We tested if muscarinic receptors within the central nervous system mediate a tonic excitatory influence on voidi

Aqueous two-phase systems composed of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide random co-polymers, EO30/PO70 or Ucon (EO50/PO50), in the top phase and dextran T500 in the bottom phase, have been studied. The cloud point diagram for EO30/PO70 in water solution was determined. EO30/PO70 has a cloud point of 32oC at a concentration of 10% (w/w). The phase diagram for the system EO30/PO70-dextran T500-water was

The heat of wetting of regenerated cellulosic fibres (TENCEL (R), Viscose and Modal) was investigated by reaction calorimetry in comparison with cotton, polyester and TENCEL (R) Fabric. Reaction calorimetry is a technique applied for measuring the heat evolved in chemical reactions where very high analytical precision is required Before the measurements, the fibre samples were dried in an oven at

Entrepreneurship is considered a central force of economic development, as it generates growth and serves as a vehicle for innovation and change., Tourism is one of the economic sectors in which a great degree of involvement is needed by the entrepreneurial sector: diversification of tourism products and services is needed to cope with increased demand for new types of tourism needs. These include

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingens bidrag ligger inom området för Markov regimskiftesmodeller i tidsserieanalys. Den består av fem separata uppsatser som specifikt undersöker två statistiska frågeställningar, samt applicerar metodologin på fyra olika makroekonomiska områden. De två huvudsakliga statistiska bidragen rör (i) utvecklandet av ett flexibelt test baserat på simulering för att utrThis dissertation studies statistical properties and applications of the Markov switching models for economic time series in five separate papers. The two main statistical themes are (i) the task of choosing the number of states to use in the model, and (ii) inference on time-varying transition probabilities. Our empirical applications span a wide array of topics in international finance and macro

Three amperometric enzyme electrodes have been constructed by adsorbing anionic royal palm tree peroxidase (RPTP), anionic sweet potato peroxidase (SPP), or cationic horseradish peroxidase (HRP-C) on spectroscopic graphite electrodes. The resulting H2O2-sensitive biosensors were characterized both in a flow injection system and in batch mode to evaluate their main bioelectrochemical parameters, su

The diphtheria toxin A chain (DTA) was gene targeted into the Joining chain (J chain) locus to create a mouse strain selecting against J chain-expressing cells, JDTA mice. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig)M and serum IgG were reduced six to eightfold, while serum IgA was elevated 14-fold in these mice. JDTA mice were immune competent although the serum Ig response compared with wild-type mice was reduced

The childhood tumour neuroblastoma is derived from immature cells of the sympathetic nervous system, which have become arrested at different maturation stages. Neuroblastoma is a malignancy with a high degree of heterogeneity, and there is a correlation between a poor differentiation status and a more aggressive phenotype. The MYCN gene is amplified in approximately 25% of neuroblastoma tumours an

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sedan Sverige för ungefär tio år sedan blev medlem av Europeiska unionen, änd-rades svensk arbetsrätt så att arbetstagare i vissa fall har en rätt att välja att följa med en verksamhet som övergår till en ny arbetsgivare. Något nytt anställningsavtal skall inte anses ha träffats. De arbetstagare som berörs av verksamhetsövergången har dessutom ett skydd mot att bli uppsWhen Sweden in 1995 became a member of the European Union, Swedish labour legislation was enacted on the safeguarding of employees’ rights in the event of transfer of undertaking. These Swedish rules and regulations are examined. EU law and national law form two parallel systems, which between themselves arrange the legal sources hierarchically, and, as a result of that, the Member States have tra

Multiphase clock generators are conventionally implemented with a feedback loop. This paper presents a non-feedback approach to generate multiphase clocks. A simple architecture of direct phase interpolation is proposed, in which the edges of two phase-adjacent signals are used to control the discharge (or charge) of two capacitors respectively, producing time-overlapped slopes. A resistor chain c

Målet med projektet var att analysera problem med arbete i kyla i mjölkproduktionsanläggningar vad gäller förekomst, frekvens och skaderisk samt att föreslå åtgärder för förbättringar. Projektet bestod av två delar: Del 1. En fältstudie, som genomfördes dels i Uppsalatrakten, dels i Västerbottens län. Del 2. En enkätstudie, riktad till Lantbrukshälsans medlemmar i norra regionen. Fältstudierna omfThe aim of the project was to analyse problems with cold when working in dairyfarms with respect to prevalence, frequency and risk for injuries and to propose measures for improvements of thermal conditions. The project comprised two parts: a field study and a questionnaire survey. The field studies were performed at seven dairy-farms in the Uppsala region and six dairy-farms in the northern regio

Medeltidshandskrift 14, the so called Liber scole virginis, is the oldest existing song book of the Cathedral of Lund. It has been given much attention this year in connection with the 900th anniversary of the archdiocese of Denmark. The codicological analysis of this manuscript tells an interesting story about the development of the Marian cult in Lund.