Urbanisation is one of the biggest environmental challenges of our time, yet we still lack an integrative understanding of how cities affect behaviour, physiology and parasite susceptibility of free-living organisms. In this study, we focus on carotenoids, strictly dietary micronutrients that can either be used as yellow-red pigments, for integument colouration (signalling function), or as antioxi

Background: The diagnostic accuracy of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and digital mammography (DM) in breast cancer screening may vary per breast density subgroup. The purpose of this study was to evaluate which women, based on automatically assessed breast density subgroups, have the greatest benefit of DBT compared with DM in the prospective Malmö Breast Tomosynthesis Screening Trial. Materi

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory joint disease that affects all aspects of life. Rheumatology care strives to achieve optimal health based on person-centred care (PCC). Effective treatment is available, but patients still experience unmet needs.Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was to explore patients' perspectives of PCC and preferred outcomes in early RA. Specifi

Background: Whether disease burden in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) predicts treatment outcomes is unknown. We assessed apalutamide treatment effect in TITAN patients with mCSPC by disease volume, metastasis number and timing of metastasis presentation. Methods: These protocol-defined and post hoc analyses of the phase III randomised TITAN study evaluated cl

Background: Free oxygen radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a naturally occurring enzyme which provides a defense against such oxidant injury. Providing supplementary SOD has been tested in clinical trials to prevent BPD in preterm infants. Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of SOD in

Evolvability is the capacity of a population to generate heritable variation that can be acted upon by natural selection. This ability influences the adaptations and fitness of individual organisms. By viewing this capacity as a trait, evolvability is subject to natural selection and thus plays a critical role in eco-evolutionary dynamics. Understanding this role provides insight into how species

This book presents the findings of an in-depth qualitative longitudinal investigation into the willingness to communicate (WTC) of individuals who, through varying migration channels, left one cultural/linguistic context to make a new life in another. It examines communication behaviours and language choice in multilingual community contexts and emphasises how even the most trivial of communicatio

The detailed study of the β+/EC decay of the very neutron-deficient and alpha-unbound nucleus 115Cs is presented. The measurement was performed at the ISOLDE, CERN where delayed charged particles and γ rays were detected. The observed delayed γ rays are in agreement with the previously reported characteristics γ rays of 115Xe. Based on the experimental observations, the tentative ground-state spin

We study recurrence in the real quadratic family and give a sufficient condition on the recurrence rate of the critical orbit such that, for almost every non-regular parameter a, the set of n such that Fn(0;a) is infinite. In particular, when, this extends an earlier result by Avila and Moreira [Statistical properties of unimodal maps: the quadratic family. Ann. of Math. (2) 161(2) (2005), 831-881

Purpose: To examine risks of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preterm and early term birth survivors, and potential sex-specific differences. Methods: A national cohort study was conducted of all 4061,795 singletons born in Sweden in 1973–2013 who survived infancy, followed up for ADHD identified from nationwide diagnoses and medications through 2018. Poisson regression was used

Objective: The number of type-II endometrial cancer patients has been increasing and the prognosis is not favorable. We aim to investigate whether sarcopenia index in any of several different muscles could serve as a novel biomarker of prognosis in patients with type-II endometrial cancer. Methods: We retrospectively investigated a total of 194 patients at four hospitals. Ninety patients were trea

The advent of 6G wireless communication marks a transformative era in technological connectivity, bringing forth challenges and opportunities alike. This paper unveils an innovative, open-source simulator, meticulously crafted for cell-free 6G wireless networks. This simulator is not just a tool but a gateway to the future, blending cutting-edge channel models with the simulation of both physical

This paper treats the problem of feedforward control from measurable load disturbances. Most of the tuning rules based on IAE or ISE optimization for feedforward compensators that have been presented in recent years are compared with each other as well as with optimal compensators. There are two different feedforward control schemes that may be used, and these schemes are also compared and analyze

This work presents a multivariable control strategy to regulate nighttime temperature and relative humidity inside a greenhouse, using a pipe heating system and a dehumidification system. The greenhouse is modeled as a two-input two-output (TITO) process with a system identification methodology to calculate low-order linear models. Proportional-integral (PI) controllers with anti-windup are used,

In Uganda, due to the criminalization of same-sex sexual practices, men who have sex with men (MSM) experience barriers to accessing HIV care. To retain patients within the HIV Care Continuum, some health interventions have used patient navigators as an ancillary support service. To understand the potential care benefits of using patient navigators for marginalized populations experiencing challen

Background: The incidence of melanoma in situ (MIS) is increasing even more rapidly than the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). No previous studies have in detail investigated the survival in individuals diagnosed with MIS compared to the general population. Methods: This population-based study included individuals with MIS diagnosed in Sweden between 2001 and 2010 and randomly selec

The most common cause of autosomal recessive familial Parkinson's disease (PD) are mutations in the PRKN/PARK2 gene encoding an E3 ubiquitin protein-ligase PARKIN. We report the generation of an iPSC cell line from the fibroblasts of a male PD patient carrying a common missense variant in exon 7 (p.Arg275Trp), and a 133 kb deletion encompassing exon 8, using transiently-present Sendai virus. The e

Managed bee species provide essential pollination services that contribute to food security worldwide. However, managed bees face a diverse array of threats and anticipating these, and potential opportunities to reduce risks, is essential for the sustainable management of pollination services. We conducted a horizon scanning exercise with 20 experts from across Europe to identify emerging threats

This chapter compares two digital workflows and tool selection for best practice renovation simulation in Portugal and Sweden. Both workflows are part of ongoing research projects that seek to provide a robust workflow adapted to different user needs and scale implementation. While in Portugal, the focus is on the building, the assessment is scaled up to the neighbourhood in Sweden. Geographic inf