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Almost k-wise independent sample spaces and their cryptologic applications

An almost k-wise independent sample space is a small subset of m bit sequences in which any k bits are “almost independent”. We show that this idea has close relationships with useful cryptologic notions such as multiple authentication codes (multiple A-codes), almost strongly universal hash families and almost k-resilient functions. We use almost k-wise independent sample spaces to construct new

Simultaneous detection of methane, oxygen and water vapour utilising near-infrared diode lasers in conjunction with difference-frequency generation

An all-diode-laser-based spectrometer is used for the simultaneous detection of methane, oxygen and water vapour. This is accomplished using a 760-nm diode laser and a 980-nm diode laser in conjunction with difference-frequency generation to 3.4 mum in a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal. Each of the output wavelengths is resonant with one of the molecular species. Simultaneous recordings

Prophylactic treatment for severe haemophilia: comparison of an intermediate-dose to a high-dose regimen

A multicentre study was performed in Sweden and the Netherlands, comparing effects of two prophylactic regimens in 128 patients with severe haemophilia, born 1970-90. 42 Swedish patients (high-dose prophylaxis), were compared with 86 Dutch patients (intermediate-dose prophylaxis). Patients were evaluated at the date of their last radiological score according to Pettersson. Annual clotting factor c

Transformation networks in innovation alliances - The development of Volvo C70

This paper addresses an important gap in the literature intersection between network theory and networked innovation by developing a theoretical framework on how to leverage learning alliances across extra- and intra-corporate levels to support both exploration and exploitation of innovation to secure its creation and its implementation. A detailed case of the Volvo C70 development is analysed wit

Socioeconomic Inequality in Exposure to Bullying During Adolescence: A Comparative, Cross-Sectional, Multilevel Study in 35 Countries

Objectives. We examined the socioeconomic distribution of adolescent exposure to bullying internationally and documented the contribution of the macroeconomic environment. Methods. We used an international survey of 162305 students aged 11, 13, and 15 years from nationally representative samples of 5998 schools in 35 countries in Europe and North America for the 2001-2002 school year. The survey u

Mortality among 723 948 foreign- and native-born Swedes 1970-1999

Background: Mortality in a population is regarded as an accurate and valid measure of the population's health. There are a few international studies, predominantly cross- sectional, of mortality among all foreign- born compared with an indigenous population, and the results have varied. No Swedish longitudinal study describing and analysing mortality data was found in a literature review. Methods:

Total folate content and retention in rosehips (Rosa ssp.) after drying.

Folate concentrations in rosehips and commercial rosehip products and factors affecting folate retention during drying were investigated. On the basis of the raw material studied during 3 years, rosehips were shown to be a rich folate source, 400-600 g/100 g based on dry matter and 160-185 g/100 g based on the fresh weight (edible part). Rosehips are not often consumed fresh; therefore, drying to

Primal-dual tests for safety and reachability

A methodology for safety verification using barrier certificates has been proposed recently, Conditions that must be satisfied by a barrier certificate can be formulated as a convex program, and the feasibility of the program implies system safety, in the sense that there is no trajectory starting from a given set of initial states that reaches a given unsafe region. The dual of this problem, i.e.

Differential regulation of gene expression by PITX2 isoforms

Three major PITX2 isoforms are differentially expressed in human, mice, zebrafish, chick, and frog tissues. To demonstrate differential regulation of gene expression by these isoforms we used three different promoters and three cell lines. Transient transfection of Chinese hamster ovary, HeLa, and LS-8 cell lines revealed differences in PITX2A and PITX2C activation of the PLOD1 and Dlx2 promoters,

Source breakup dynamics in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV via three-dimensional two-pion source imaging

A three-dimensional correlation function obtained from midrapidity, low p(T), pion pairs in central Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV is studied. The extracted model-independent source function indicates a long range tail in the directions of the pion pair transverse momentum (out) and the beam (long). A proper breakup time tau(0) similar to 9 fm/c and a mean proper emission duration Delta

Long flights do not influence immune responses of a long-distance migrant bird: a wind-tunnel experiment

Heavy physical work can result in physiological stress and suppressed immune function. Accordingly, long-distance migrant birds that fly for thousands of km within days can be expected to show immunosuppression, and hence be more vulnerable to infections en route. The red knot Calidris canutus Linnaeus is a long-distance migrant shorebird. We flew red knots the equivalent of 1500 km over 6 days in

A Hardy inequality in twisted waveguides

We show that twisting of an infinite straight three-dimensional tube with non-circular cross-section gives rise to a Hardy-type inequality for the associated Dirichlet Laplacian. As an application we prove certain stability of the spectrum of the Dirichlet Laplacian in locally and mildly bent tubes. Namely, it is known that any local bending, no matter how small, generates eigenvalues below the es

Respiratory Disorders In Two Workers Of Customs Depositories Occupationally Exposed To Mouldy Tobacco

Work-related respiratory symptoms, including dyspnoea, cough, fever, tiredness and malaise, were recorded in two customs officers employed in 2 depositories of confiscated cigarettes, of which one showed signs of dampness. Microbiological sampling of the air and the cigarettes stored in a damp depository revealed the presence of potentially pathogenic fungi and bacteria and the biochemical markers

Extracellular matrix, esterase and the phytotoxin prehelminthosporol in infection of barley leaves by Bipolaris sorokiniana

Light microscopy and cryo-scanning electron microscopy showed that hyphae of Bipolaris sorokiniana adhered to the wax surfaces of barley leaves by means of an extensive extracellular matrix (ECM). Prehelminthosporol, the major non-host specific phytotoxin formed by B. sorokiniana was immunolocalized in large amounts in the ECM surrounding the hyphae. Similarly, esterase activity involved in degrad

Low-flow anaesthesia with desflurane: kinetics during clinical procedures

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Low-flow anaesthesia is economical and less polluting. The purpose of this study was to determine the inspired and end-tidal desflurane concentrations during anaesthesia with a vaporizer setting maintained at 5%, during low-flow anaesthesia after 120 min with fresh gas inflows of 1.0 and 2.0 L min-1. METHODS: The study was both prospective and randomized, including 56 pat

Caveolae-associated signalling in smooth muscle

Caveolae are flask-shaped invaginations in the membrane that depend on the contents of cholesterol and on the structural protein caveolin. The organisation of caveolae in parallel strands between dense bands in smooth muscle is arguably unique. It is increasingly recognised, bolstered in large part by recent studies in caveolae deficient animals, that caveolae sequester and regulate a variety of s

Plant compensatory growth: a conquering strategy in plant-herbivore interactions ?

We present a theoretical analysis that considers the phenotypic trait of compensatory growth ability in a context of population dynamics. Our model depicts a system of three interactors: herbivores and two different plant types referred to as ordinary and compensating. The compensating plant type has the ability to increase its intrinsic rate of biomass increase as a response to damage. This compe

PubMed Medical Publications From Libya

Medical research and publications are the back-bone for advancing the medical field. We identified the PubMed medical publications that are affiliated with Libya to shed some light on the contribution of this country’s medical community to the PubMed database. All publications affiliated with Libya in the PubMed were counted over a five year period ending December 2006. We also used the same metho