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Developing ActivABLES for community-dwelling stroke survivors using the Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions

Background: Novel technical solutions are called for to promote home-based exercise among community-dwelling stroke survivors supported by their caregivers. Lack of resources and knowledge about how to accomplish it, has been demonstrated. The objective of this study is to describe in detail the development of ActivABLES, a technical intervention to promote home-based exercise and physical activit

Removal of phosphorus and nitrogen in sediments of the eutrophic Stockholm archipelago, Baltic Sea

Coastal systems can act as filters for anthropogenic nutrient input into marine environments. Here, we assess the processes controlling the removal of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) for four sites in the eutrophic Stockholm archipelago. Bottom water concentrations of oxygen (O2) and P are inversely correlated. This is attributed to the seasonal release of P from iron-oxide-bound (Fe-oxidebound) P

Synthesis of tricyclic carbohydrate-benzene hybrids as selective inhibitors of galectin-1 and galectin-8 N-terminal domains

As the galactoside binding family of galectin proteins is involved in many physiological and pathological processes, the inhibitors of these proteins are considered to be of significant interest in the treatment of diseases such as cancer and fibrosis. Herein, fused tricyclic carbohydrate-benzene hybrid core structures are reported to be the selective inhibitors of galectin-1 and the N-terminal do

Added value of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) in staging of malignant breast lesions - A feasibility study

Objectives: The aim of this feasibility study was to evaluate the added value of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) in preoperative staging of malignant breast lesions, beyond standard assessment with digital mammography and ultrasound, as a base for a future prospective randomized trial. Materials and methods: Forty-seven patients, with confirmed or strongly suspected malignant breast lesions af

Development and validation of a prediction model for incident hand osteoarthritis in the HUNT study

Objective: To develop and externally validate prediction models for incident hand osteoarthritis (OA) in a large population-based cohort of middle aged and older men and women. Design: We included 17,153 men and 18,682 women from a population-based cohort, aged 35–70 years at baseline (1995–1997). Incident hand OA were obtained from diagnostic codes in the Norwegian National Patient Register (1995

Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts are associated with different immunopathological mechanisms in systemic lupus erythematosus

Objective: Neutrophils contribute to the SLE pathogenesis. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is reported to correlate with disease activity in SLE. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether NLR reflects underlying immunopathogenic activity in SLE, as well as to determine the contribution of each component of NLR, neutrophil and lymphocyte count. Methods: Data were obtained from a cohort of p

A pre-specified model based on four kallikrein markers in blood improves predictions of adverse pathology and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy

Background: A pre-specified model based on four kallikrein markers in blood, commercially available as 4Kscore, predicts Gleason Grade (GG) 3 + 4 or higher prostate cancer on biopsy. However, sampling error and variation in pathology reporting may miss aggressive disease. Methods: The 4Kscore was measured in cryopreserved blood from 2330 men obtained before prostatectomy at a single institution be

Controlling photoionization using attosecond time-slit interferences

When small quantum systems, atoms or molecules, absorb a high-energy photon, electrons are emitted with a well-defined energy and a highly symmetric angular distribution, ruled by energy quantization and parity conservation. These rules are based on approximations and symmetries which may break down when atoms are exposed to ultrashort and intense optical pulses. This raises the question of their

Modelling past and future peatland carbon dynamics across the pan-Arctic

The majority of northern peatlands were initiated during the Holocene. Owing to their mass imbalance, they have sequestered huge amounts of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems. Although recent syntheses have filled some knowledge gaps, the extent and remoteness of many peatlands pose challenges to developing reliable regional carbon accumulation estimates from observations. In this work, we employed

The social context of nearest neighbors shapes educational attainment regardless of class origin

We study the association between sociospatial neighborhood conditions throughout childhood and educational attainment in adulthood. Using unique longitudinal microdata for a medium-sized Swedish town, we geocode its population at the address level, 1939 to 1967, and link individuals to national registers, 1968 to 2015. Thus, we adopt a long-term perspective on the importance of nearby neighbors du

Begrepp som skadar: Exempel från inre periferier i Polen, Nordmakedonien och Sverige

This chapter approaches the process of spatial peripheralization from the perspective of concept-induced harm. Harm is both a moral and a legal term construed along any form of physical or mental damage, be it intended or unintended. More broadly, however, harm denotes any form of setback to interest, and while harm can arise as the result of an onset of emotion, more often than not harm is concep

Perinatal outcomes of cesarean deliveries in Sierra Leone : A prospective multicenter observational study

Objective: To analyze the indications for cesarean deliveries and factors associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in Sierra Leone. Methods: Between October 2016 and May 2017, patients undergoing cesarean delivery performed by medical doctors and associate clinicians in nine hospitals were included in a prospective observational study. Data were collected perioperatively, at discharge, and durin

Quality of life outcomes for people with serious mental illness living in supported accommodation : systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of quality of life (QoL) outcomes for people with serious mental illness living in three types of supported accommodation. Methods: Studies were identified that described QoL outcomes for people with serious mental illness living in supported accommodation in six electronic databases. We applied a random-effects model to derive the meta-ana

Frequently repeated measurements-our experience of collecting data with SMS

Background: As technology is advancing, so are the possibilities for new data collection methods in research, potentially improving data quality and validity of the results. In Sweden, a system using frequent repeated data collection using text messages, SMS Track, has been used in clinical research for more than a decade. In this paper, compliance with repeated text message questions was examined

Multiple Ecosystem Effects of Extreme Weather Events in the Arctic

The Arctic is getting warmer and wetter. Here, we document two independent examples of how associated extreme precipitation patterns have severe implications for high Arctic ecosystems. The events stand out in a 23-year record of continuous observations of a wide range of ecosystem parameters and act as an early indication of conditions projected to increase in the future. In NE Greenland, August

The GGCMI Phase 2 experiment : Global gridded crop model simulations under uniform changes in CO2, temperature, water, and nitrogen levels (protocol version 1.0)

Concerns about food security under climate change motivate efforts to better understand future changes in crop yields. Process-based crop models, which represent plant physiological and soil processes, are necessary tools for this purpose since they allow representing future climate and management conditions not sampled in the historical record and new locations to which cultivation may shift. How

Proposal for observation of transitions induced by external magnetic fields mixing in the lower states : With an example from Fe X

It is normally assumed that induced transitions, by e.g. hyperfine, magnetic field or spin interaction, arise due to mixing in the upper levels. In this paper we discuss an example when mixing in the lower levels through an externally applied magnetic field gives rise to a magnetic field induced transition. We discuss the theory for such a transition and give an example from Fe X, which is relevan

Generation of gene-corrected functional osteoclasts from osteopetrotic induced pluripotent stem cells

BACKGROUND: Infantile malignant osteopetrosis (IMO) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by non-functional osteoclasts and a fatal outcome early in childhood. About 50% of patients have mutations in the TCIRG1 gene. METHODS: IMO iPSCs were generated from a patient carrying a homozygous c.11279G>A (IVS18+1) mutation in TCIRG1 and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing human TCIR

Parental anxiety after 5 years of participation in a longitudinal study of children at high risk of type 1 diabetes

Aim: Parents of children participating in screening studies may experience increased levels of anxiety. The aim of this study was to assess parental anxiety levels after 5 years of participation in the Diabetes Prediction in Skåne study. Associations between parental anxiety about their child developing type 1 diabetes and clinical, demographic, and immunological factors were analyzed. Method: Mot