Drawing on the concept of a “complex humanitarian crisis,” this paper describes how outflows of migrants from Central America were transformed into such a crisis by intransigent immigration and border policies enacted in both Mexico and the United States. We describe the origins of the migration in U.S. Cold War interventions that created many thousands of displaced people fleeing violence and eco

Ph.D. training is an important mechanism for developing scientists who will serve our knowledge-based society. Because the quality of students who join Ph.D. programs significantly impacts the outcome of Ph.D. training, students’ career choices at this initial stage—whether to proceed to Ph.D. or not—are of crucial interest. This study investigates how students’ attributes and the local lab enviro

Land-use change is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. Through intensification of land-use, the agricultural landscape has become more homogenous and a result, many species associated with traditional farmland or other semi-natural open habitats have declined. To be able to improve biodiversity conservation we need to be able to track components of biodiversity and understand how they res

The visual appearance of an object is a function of stimulus properties as well as perceptual biases imposed by the observer. The context-specific trade-off between both can be measured accurately in a perceptual judgment task, involving grouping by proximity in ambiguous dot lattices. Such grouping depends lawfully on a stimulus parameter of the dot lattices known as their aspect ratio (AR), whos

New stricter regulations on lead (Pb) content in brass for use in certain applications is driving the industry from traditional leaded brass towards Pb-free alloys. However, machining induced surface integrity for such Pb-free alloys and related corrosion resistance are largely unknown. Two Pb-free brass alloys, CuZn38As and CuZn21Si3P, approved for use in drinking water applications, were machine

PURPOSE: To investigate whether outpatient blue-light flexible cystoscopy could solve the diagnostic challenge of positive or suspicious urine cytology findings despite normal white-light flexible cystoscopy results and normal findings on computerized tomography urography, in patients investigated for urothelial cancer.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a multicentre study, a total of 70 examinations were p

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a blood malignancy originating from plasma cells. First-degree relatives of patients with MM have two- to four-fold higher risk of MM. However, the molecular basis remains largely unknown. This Ph.D. project aims to identify novel DNA sequence variants predisposing to MM through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and, subsequently, characterize identified variants func

Evidence suggests that human non-verbal speech may be rich in iconicity. Here, we report results from two experiments aimed at testing whether perception of increasing and declining f0 can be iconically mapped onto motion events. We presented a sample of mixed-nationality participants (N = 118) with sets of two videos, where one pictured upward movement and the other downward movement. A disyllabi

Lake ice loss has been detected worldwide due to recent climate warming, yet spatially and temporally detailed information on the changes in global ice phenology does not exist. Here, we build a global lake ice phenology database comprising three lake ice phenologies—freeze-up, break-up, and ice duration—for each year across two centuries (1900–2099). The timing of all three phenologies experience

It has been suggested that added sugar intake is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, previous studies only focused on sugar-sweetened beverages; the evidence for associations with total added sugars and their sources is scarce. This study aimed to examine the associations of total added sugars, their physical forms (liquid vs. solid), and food sources with risk of N

Understanding circuit-level manipulations that affect the brain’s capacity for plasticity will inform the design of targeted interventions that enhance recovery after stroke. Following stroke, increased contralesional activity (e.g. use of the unaffected limb) can negatively influence recovery, but it is unknown which specific neural connections exert this influence, and to what extent increased c

The blue-green autofluorescence of the ocular lens increases with age, glycemia and smoking, as the irreplaceable structural proteins of the lens slowly accumulate damage from the encounter with reactive molecular species. We have conducted a prospective study of lens autofluorescence over two decades in a twin cohort. The study included 131 phakic, non-diabetic adult twins (median age at follow-u

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of ultrafast DCE (UF-DCE) MRI after the completion of neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) in breast cancer. In this study, MR examinations of 55 post-NST breast cancers were retrospectively analyzed. Residual tumor sizes were measured in the 20th phase of UF-DCE MRI, early and delayed phases of conventional DCE MRI, and high sp

Objectives The aim of this study was to conduct a nationwide all comer description of incidence, contemporary management and outcome in Swedish spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) patients. The incidence of SCAD as well as the management and outcome of these patients is not well described. Design A nationwide observational study. Participants and setting All patients with SCAD registered