Objective: To determine whether breast feeding or the use of oral contraceptives (OCs) affects the future risk of rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) in a community-based prospective cohort. Methods: A community-based health survey (18 326 women) was linked to regional and national registers, and incident cases of RA were identified. All women with a diagnosis of RA after inclusion in the health survey (n

Background: Little is known of vitamin D concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its relation with CSF acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, a marker of cholinergic function. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 52 consecutive patients under primary evaluation of cognitive impairment and 17 healthy controls. The patients had AD dementia or mild cognitive impairmen

Background. CRIM1 is a plasma membrane bound protein containing six cysteine-rich repeats (CRR). Through these, CRIM1 has been shown to interact with a subgroup of the TGF-β superfamily, the bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) isoforms 2, 4 and 7. The probable action is to modulate the signalling properties of these factors. CRIM1 has also been shown to regulate the release of VEGFA by podocytes durin

The production of space contains an antagonism between a use-value relation and an exchange-value relation. In this paper these categories are used to analyse two empirical cases from Bergen, Norway. The first case concerns a public debate in 2005, about whether Clear Channel should be allowed to install advertising boards in the city. The second case concerns a debate in 2007, about whether Berge

Soil erosion vulnerability and extreme rainfall characteristics over the Mediterranean semi-arid region of Tunisia are crucial input for estimation of siltation rate in artificial reservoirs. A comprehensive high-resolution database on erosive rainfall, together with siltation records for 28 small reservoirs, were analysed for this region, the Tunisian Dorsal (the easternmost part of the Atlas Mou

Resource availability and limiting factors for bacterial growth during early stages of soil development (8-138 years) were studied along a chronosequence from the glacial forefield of the Damma glacier in the Swiss Alps. We determined bacterial growth (leucine incorporation) and we investigated which resource (C, N or P) limited bacterial growth in soils formed by the retreating glacier. The latte

Recension av Jeff Guinn, Go Down Together: The True, Untold Story of Bonnie & Clyde.

In this work, we extend recent results on the Cramé r-Rao lower bound for multidimensional non-uniformly sampled Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) signals. The used signal model is more general than earlier models, allowing for the typically present variance differences between the direct and the dif- ferent indirect sampling dimensions. The presented bound is verified with earlier presented 1-and

We introduce a novel lattice-free stochastic process which models vehicular traffic at the microscopic level. Vehicles are allowed to advance freely within their lane or change lanes without the limitation of lattice cells. Vehicles move under the influence of modified yet classical stochastic spin-flip and spin-exchange Arrhenius dynamic potentials. A modification of the well-known kinetic Monte

Background: In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), the trend towards early therapeutic intervention and the development of new highly effective treatments have increased the need for sensitive and specific imaging. Numerous studies have demonstrated the important role of MRI and US in adult rheumatology. However, investigations of imaging in JIA are rare, and no previous study has been comparing

The main function of sentence intonation in Kammu is to mark prosodic boundaries. There is no additional tonal marking of focus. It is of particular in- terest that the underlying intonation system is the same for both tonal (Northern Kammu) and non-tonal (Eastern Kammu) dialects. Prosodic boundaries in Kammu have three func- tions: they mark prosodic phrases, focus and speaker engagement. In this

Knowledge of feeding rates is the basis to understand interaction strength and subsequently the stability of ecosystems and biodiversity. Feeding rates, as all biological rates, depend on consumer and resource body masses and environmental temperature. Despite five decades of research on functional responses as quantitative models of feeding rates, a unifying framework of how they scale with body

Readability is a major issue with all maps. In this study, we evaluated whether we can predict map readability using analytical measures, both single measures and composites of measures. A user test was conducted regarding the perceived readability of a number of test map samples. Evaluations were then performed to determine how well single measures and composites of measures could describe the ma

Antibodies that inhibit Plasmodium falciparum invasion of erythrocytes are believed to be an important component of immunity against malaria. During blood-stage infection, P. falciparum can use different pathways for erythrocyte invasion by varying the expression and/or utilization of members of 2 invasion ligand families: the erythrocyte-binding antigens (EBAs) and reticulocyte-binding homologs (