Detection of analytes in complex biological samples, such as milk and blood, normally requires sample pretreatment. These pretreatment regimes reduce assay throughput and increase testing costs. Technologies that make it possible to eliminate sample pretreatment are of great industrial interest. Here we report the development of a dual-signal flow injected analysis device which eliminates the need

Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) deoxyribonucleoside kinase (DmdNK; EC: 2.7.1.145) was characterized for its substrate specificity towards natural and non-natural nucleosides, confirming its potential in the enzymatic synthesis of modified nucleotides. DmdNK was adsorbed on a solid ion exchange support (bearing primary amino groups) achieving an expressed activity >98%. Upon cross-linking with

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are considered to be associated with different degrees of progressive beta cell damage. However, few long-term studies have been made. Our aim was to study the clinical course of 20 years of diabetes disease, including diabetes progression, comorbidity, and mortality in a prospectively studied cohort of consecutively diagnosed diabetic patients. Among all 233 patien

Introduction. The aim of this paper is to form a framework capable of theorizing how virtual communities are entangled with their new media environments, thereby contributing to the understanding of present-day virtual communities and how to preserve them. Method. An extensive bibliography on virtual worlds, virtual world preservation, document-and practice theory, and virtual communities forms th

High-spin states in Tm-160,Tm-161 were populated using the Te-128(Cl-37, 5n and 4n) reactions at a beam energy of 170 MeV. Emitted gamma rays were detected in the Gammasphere spectrometer. Two rotational bands with high moments of inertia were discovered, one assigned to Tm-160, while the other tentatively assigned to Tm-161. These sequences display features similar to bands observed in neighborin

HIV infection is known for replicating in proliferating CD(+) T-cells. Treatment of these cells with cytostatic (anti-proliferation) compounds such as hydroxyurea interferes with the cells's ability support HIV replication. Combinations of such cytostatic compounds with proven anti-retroviral drugs (like ddI) are known as virostatic, and have been shown to aid in the control of the infection. The

Background: Increasing obesity in adults with mobility disability has become a considerable health problem, similar to the increasing trend of obesity in the general population. The aims of this study were to investigate the association of mobility disability with overweight status and obesity in a large population-based Swedish cohort of adults, and to investigate whether mobility disability, hig

Background: Podocalyxin-like 1 (PODXL) is a cell-adhesion glycoprotein and stem cell marker that has been associated with an aggressive tumour phenotype and adverse outcome in several cancer types. We recently demonstrated that overexpression of PODXL is an independent factor of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to validate these results in two additional indepen

The purpose of this technical note is to present a new formula to compute the incipient breaking wave properties based on a simplified solution of the wave energy flux conservation equation combined with Snell's law. The execution time and calculated results of the new formula were compared with those of the iterative method which is commonly used in coastal engineering calculations, including in

In rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) thermometry applied to air-fed flames, the temperature sensitivity mainly depends on the intensity distribution of the nitrogen spectral lines. Temperatures are estimated by numerical fitting of theoretical spectra to experimental ones, and one uncertainty in the calculation of theoretical CARS spectra for specific flame conditions is th

3-Deoxy-3-amino-beta-D-talopyranosides have been synthesized for the first time. The amines were obtained from galactopyranosides through 2,3-anhydrogulosides that were opened to idosides followed by an oxidation/reductive amination sequence. From the amines, 11 corresponding 3-deoxy-3-arylamido-beta-talopyranosides have been synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors against galectin-1, -2, -3, -4C,

Purpose: Previous research on the influence of the food environment on weight status has often used impersonal measures food environment defined for residential neighborhoods, which ignore whether people actually use the food outlets near their residence. To assess whether supermarkets are relevant contexts for interventions, the present study explored between-residential neighborhood and between-

A 12 GHz PLL with digital output phase control has been implemented in a 90 nm CMOS process. It is intended for LO signal generation in integrated phased array transceivers. Locally placed PLLs eliminate the need of long high frequency LO routing to each transceiver in a phased array circuit. Routing losses are thereby reduced and the design of integrated phased array transceivers becomes more mod

We present a general technique for detecting and counting small subgraphs. It consists of forming special linear combinations of the numbers of occurrences of different induced subgraphs of fixed size in a graph. These combinations can be efficiently computed by rectangular matrix multiplication. Our two main results utilizing the technique are as follows. Let H be a fixed graph with k vertices an

Accessibility throughout society has been gaining interest on both international and national levels in order to meet the transportation needs of, for example, older people as pedestrians. The overall aim of this thesis is to examine the implementation process in municipal planning, and effects of measures taken, to achieve barrier-free outdoor environments the year round. Older peoples’ perceptio

ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) experiment devoted to investigating the strongly interacting matter created in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC energies. The ALICE ITS, Inner Tracking System, consists of six cylindrical layers of silicon detectors with three different technologies; in the outward direction: two layers of pixel detectors, two layers e

Studies on fetal lung/brain circulation by means of power Doppler technique have suggested a marked reduction in lung perfusion in high-risk pregnancies as a sign of circulation redistribution. The ratio between lung/brain perfusion might therefore give a new method to predict fetal circulation centralization.