Objective: Secundum atrial septal defect (ASD II) is a common congenital heart defect, and interatrial communications among preterm children is even more common. The objective of this study was to calculate the incidence of ASD II in children, with assessment to gestational age at birth. Further, to assess maternal, prenatal and postnatal risk factors associated with ASD II among children of diffe

Background: Elderly people tend to be sicker than young people. They also take more medications, increasing the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in this age group. Knowledge of cutaneous ADRs from medicine use in the elderly population is limited.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate demographic data, causative drug

The executive committee of the European Society for the clinical evaluation of balance disorders meets annually to address equilibrium problems that are not well understood. This is a review paper on discussions in the latest meeting we held. Materials and methods: Seeing patients with vestibular disorders who end up depending on visual information as part of their compensation process is a common

Linguistic Archaeology provides students with an accessible introduction to the field of linguistic archaeology, both as theoretical framework and methodological toolkit, for understanding the conceptual foundations and practical considerations involved in reconstructing the prehistory of language. The book introduces the field's expansion out of traditional approaches to focus more on the interpl

This report aims to investigate the links between various environmental factors and coral bleaching in the Red Sea. Corals in the Red Sea have seen less bleaching than in other coral regions. Researchers point to a higher thermal tolerance among coral reefs in this sea. However, bleaching is beginning to occur here with increasing frequency as oceans warm and acidify. Taking monthly data of sea s

This paper aims to investigate the understanding of the dynamics of media influence on public perception and political discourse, particularly in the context of contentious issues such as NATO membership. The study specifically examines “SVT Nyheter,” a Swedish public-service news channel, aiming to investigate whether its reporting has been diverse and democratic. To investigate this, a quantitat

This thesis explores the discursive elements and practices of the activist community resisting the construction of the 17th extension of the A100 Highway in eastern Berlin. Focusing on linguistic strategies, rhetorical devices and methods of activism employed by actors opposing the highway project, this study utilises a combination of Manuel Castells’ Urban Social Movement Theory and Norman Faircl

Recruitment is a determinant of well-run elections. Through interaction with voters, poll workers affect public confidence in electoral integrity and legitimacy. This thesis studies poll worker recruitment as electoral legitimation strategies. Interviews conducted with Swedish local election administrators are analysed using discourse analytic methods buttressed by institutional and electoral mana

This thesis investigates Sweden’s foreign policy roles concerning aid and weapon exports from 2015 to 2023, using Yemen as a central example to illustrate a Swedish paradox. Despite significant Swedish weapon sales to conflict-afflicted nations, Sweden maintains substantial aid contributions to these same countries. Employing a scientific methodology, this study conducts a case study utilizing qua

Building on the assumption that foreign policy is a changeable and inconstant process, this study presents a descriptive analysis of the change and development of Sweden’s and Denmark’s foreign policy discourse regarding the USA, China, Russia and Turkey between 2018 and 2023. The method used in the study consists of a discourse analysis, which enables a systematic description of the change in for

The 21st century has witnessed a revival of authoritarian and populist leaders, a new wave that has fundamentally changed the political landscape, earning it the title: The Age of the Strongman. This evolving style of leadership has been driven by “angry white men”, notably strengthening masculinity as a symbol of political authority. However, in recent years, the strongman archetype has met a ris

This thesis investigates the economic engagements of China and the European Union in the East African Community, focusing specifically on Kenya and Uganda. The study aims to compare how China’s and the EU’s investments in infrastructure projects influence the region and whether these actions can be perceived as attempts to establish dependency relationships. Using a mixed-method approach, combinin

This essay aims to evaluate the visions of the culture policy of the Swedish municipality of Norrköping during 2023. In Norrköping the municipal council has decided that costs for various parts of publicly funded culture are too high. Therefore they consider privatizing these institutions or making them perform commercial works to a larger extent. The study uses a normative method, where a norm ha

Challenger parties are a popular topic of interest in political science. Prior research on challenger parties is predominantly regarding their characteristics and effects on the political climate. However, the transition from challenger to mainstream is less investigated. Moreover, prior research on challenger parties is, albeit not exclusively, heavily focused on right wing populist parties. This

This essay explores the ethical dilemma surrounding the construction of green mines on indigenous lands and seeks to determine whether such actions can be justified. The aim is to show that a prioritisation between two seemingly good things is not always a given. Using a normative study framework, the research investigates a conflict of value between different interpretations of the value of the G

This thesis studies the democratic implications of the "Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission" case in the decade following 2010. The aim is to examine the complexities of campaign finance regulations in regards to issues of elite influence, corruption and transparency. The subsequent proliferation of independent expenditure committees, or Super PACs, who can spend money on camp

The island of Bougainville has sought secession from their overlord Papua New Guinea for decades now, and it has been one long journey till today. The aim of this essay is to map out this journey from 1975 when Papua New Guinea got its independence from Australia, to 2020, one year after the independence referendum in Bougainville. This is done with the help of process tracing, a method that speci